A Design Framework for Enhancing Experiences of Web XR User Interfaces

Extended Reality (XR) technology has demonstrated tremendous potential in diverse domains such as education, commerce, and medicine. Web services constitute an integral and indispensable aspect of modern society, providing various avenues for social communication. Given the increasing adoption of XR devices, web services must be made available on these platforms to cater to the evolving needs of users. However, the current state of Web XR still presents certain challenges, such as hardware and software limitations, leading to inadequate support for web services on XR devices. Thus, this study aims to investigate utilizing XR technology to enhance user experiences in web services. I evaluated user experience of Web 2D user interfaces (UI) on XR platforms with 80 participants using pre-test and post-test design. Results showed inferior performance on XR platforms compared to the desktop group, providing reference for UI researchers to improve Web UIs on XR platforms. This work aimed to offer a reliable and critical point of reference for UI researchers in their efforts to enhance the Web UI in XR platforms. This study examined potential strategies to enhance the user experience of Web XR UIs. The research developed a Web XR UIs principle featuring XR-specific characteristics and componentization design in static websites. A SUI was proposed to provide users with an immersive, exploratory, and readable experience. The experimental outcomes indicated that the principle could improve the user experience with SUIs (Spatial User Interfaces). While the fundamental UI principle provides a smooth SUI experience, it primarily adheres to 2D interactions in order to minimize the cost of reconstructing UIs for web services. However, this approach neglects many spatial and interactive features. Therefore, my study needs to address how to design an efficient framework that accommodates a greater number of interactive elements, content, and data. This study focused on the area of online reading services. Unlike existing XR reading samples that simply advertise 2D UI or media in reality, this study designed an adaptive UI framework encompassing three aspects: 3D layout, navigation, and data visualization. The framework aimed to enhance the efficiency and immersion of online reading by providing users with a seamless spatial reading experience. To precisely measure user feedback, I conducted a comprehensive user experiment that included self-report questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and listening module data. The experiment provided evidence that XR interactions can effectively enhance website layout. The research demonstrated that the framework has the potential to increase participant enthusiasm and make a valuable contribution toward improving the user experience in the Web XR UI field.