Multiple Sequence Alignment of NDM-1 DNA Sequence of Different Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negatives

Many strains have been recently reported as being carbapenemase resistant. NDM type is one of the most effective Carbapenemases in terms of carbapenem hydrolysis and geographical spread. In this work, the NDM-1 DNA sequences of different Gram-negatives was tested to find out the similarity among those sequences. From GenBank, the complete DNA coding sequences of NDM-1 of Acinetobacter (johnsonii NF114, sp. NF111, sp. NF116), Klebsiella pneumoniae (Res2011-182, K.P- UC-13, K.P-UC-14, K.P-UC-15), Citrobacter freundii NF109, Escherichia coli NF113, Providencia vermicola NF115 and Pseudomonas sp. NF117 were obtained (813 bp for each). DNA sequence analysis was carried out by means of multiple sequence alignment using EMBOSS Clustal Omega and aligned using default setting with all mentioned strains. Percent identity matrix showed a 100% of similarity between all Klebsiella strains, it also showed a 100% similarity between Acinetobacter strains, C. freundii NF109, E. coli NF113, P.vermicola NF115 and Pseudomonas sp. NF117. But showed only 44.12% of similarity between all the above-mentioned strains with K. pneumoniae strains. The dendogram showed unexpected evolutionary pathway of NDM-1 between Klebsiella strains and A. johnsonii and A. sp. NF111, compared with A. sp. NF116 and other tested strains. We concluded that NDM-1 sequence evolved dramatically when transferred to some species while still conserved with others.