A microchannel neuroprosthesis for bladder control after spinal cord injury in rats

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dc.contributor.authorChew, D. J.en
dc.contributor.authorZhu, Lanen
dc.contributor.authorDelivopoulos, E.en
dc.contributor.authorMineiv, I. R.en
dc.contributor.authorMusick, K. M.en
dc.contributor.authorMosse, C. A.en
dc.contributor.authorCraggs, M.en
dc.contributor.authorDonaldson, N.en
dc.contributor.authorLacour, S. P.en
dc.contributor.authorMcMahon, Stephen B.en
dc.contributor.authorFawcett, J. W.en
dc.date.accessioned2015-05-05T10:08:25Z
dc.date.available2015-05-05T10:08:25Z
dc.date.issued2014-07-11
dc.description.abstractA severe complication of spinal cord injury is loss of bladder function (neurogenic bladder), which is characterized by loss of bladder sensation and voluntary control of micturition (urination), and spontaneous hyperreflexive voiding against a closed sphincter (detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia). A sacral anterior root stimulator at low frequency can drive volitional bladder voiding, but surgical rhizotomy of the lumbosacral dorsal roots is needed to prevent spontaneous voiding and dyssynergia. However, rhizotomy is irreversible and eliminates sexual function, and the stimulator gives no information on bladder fullness. We designed a closed-loop neuroprosthetic interface that measures bladder fullness and prevents spontaneous voiding episodes without the need for dorsal rhizotomy in a rat model. To obtain bladder sensory information, we implanted teased dorsal roots (rootlets) within the rat vertebral column into microchannel electrodes, which provided signal amplification and noise suppression. As long as they were attached to the spinal cord, these rootlets survived for up to 3 months and contained axons and blood vessels. Electrophysiological recordings showed that half of the rootlets propagated action potentials, with firing frequency correlated to bladder fullness. When the bladder became full enough to initiate spontaneous voiding, high-frequency/amplitude sensory activity was detected. Voiding was abolished using a high-frequency depolarizing block to the ventral roots. A ventral root stimulator initiated bladder emptying at low frequency and prevented unwanted contraction at high frequency. These data suggest that sensory information from the dorsal root together with a ventral root stimulator could form the basis for a closed-loop bladder neuroprosthetic.en
dc.funderEPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council)en
dc.funderChristopher and Dana Reeve Foundationen
dc.funderNational Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centreen
dc.funderBertarelli Foundationen
dc.identifier.citationChew, D.J., Zhu, L., Delivopoulos, E. et al. (2013) A microchannel neuroprosthesis for bladder control after spinal cord injury in rat. Science translational medicine, 5 (210), pp. 210ra155en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3007186
dc.identifier.issn1946-6242
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2086/10934
dc.language.isoenen
dc.peerreviewedYesen
dc.projectidTranslational Researchen
dc.publisherScienceen
dc.researchinstituteLeicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation - From Molecules to Practice (LIPI)en
dc.subjectspinal cord injuryen
dc.subjectbladder controlen
dc.subjectbladder sensationen
dc.subjectneuroprosthesisen
dc.subjectdorsal rooten
dc.subjectelectrophysiologyen
dc.subjectrat modelen
dc.titleA microchannel neuroprosthesis for bladder control after spinal cord injury in ratsen
dc.typeArticleen

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