Decentralized stability conditions for DC microgrids: Beyond passivity approaches

We consider the problem of ensuring stability in a DC microgrid by means of decentralized conditions. Such conditions are derived which are formulated as input–output properties of locally defined subsystems. These follow from various decompositions of the microgrid and corresponding properties of the resulting representations. It is shown that these stability conditions can be combined together by means of appropriate homotopy arguments, thus reducing the conservatism relative to more conventional decentralized approaches that often rely on a passivation of the bus dynamics. Examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and the applicability of the results derived.