Electromagnetic Beam Position Monitoring Model for Particle Energy Linear Accelerator

Beam Position Monitoring (BPM) systems are crucial in particle acceleration facilities such as linear and circular accelerators. They are used to maintain a stable and precise beam position to achieve a high level of beam quality. BPMs are also essential for accelerator commissioning, performance optimisation, and fault analysis. Beam functional properties information, such as displacement from the desired axis, information about synchrotron oscillations and betatron movements can be derived from data gathered in BPM systems. Medical linear accelerators (linacs) also employ BPM measurements to ensure optimal generation of treatment radiation. The most common form of analysis is to use a multi-physics based approach and model the beam as a stream of electrons, often involving Monte Carlo implementation – an accurate but computationally expensive approach. This paper presents a simple, but robust and efficient, CST microwave model of the linear accelerator (linac) beam, generated using a simplified approach to beam modeling that uses a conducting filament in place of the particle. This approach is validated by comparison with published work. An approach to BPM using the method applied in this paper opens up opportunities to further analyze the overall design and that of components of particle accelerator systems using commonly available full-wave electromagnetic simulators without the need to include specific particle solutions.