Resource Accounting in Factories and the Energy-Water Nexus

dc.cclicenceCC-BYen
dc.contributor.authorKhattak, Sanoberen
dc.contributor.authorGreenough, R. M.en
dc.date.acceptance2017-09-08en
dc.date.accessioned2017-10-26T13:53:15Z
dc.date.available2017-10-26T13:53:15Z
dc.date.issued2017-10-11
dc.descriptionThe file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link. open access articleen
dc.description.abstractA manufacturing system comprises production processes and building services, both of which are supplied by different energy carriers as well as raw materials and water. These resources interact according to complex relationships and are converted into products for sale and waste flows. Holistic resource accounting allows the analyst to consider the dynamic relationships between these components, including the strong interdependence between energy and water, which has been called the energy-water nexus. Exergy analysis is a method that accounts for mass and both the quantity and quality of energy, while allowing analysis on a common basis and for this reason it is used increasingly to analyse resource consumption in manufacturing systems; however it has rarely been used to consider water flows alongside energy and material flows. The main contribution of this paper is the presentation of modeling water flows in terms of exergy in the context of sustainable manufacturing. Using this technique in combination with previously developed exergy based methods; the result is a truly holistic resource accounting method for factories based on exergy analysis that incorporates water flows. The method is illustrated using a case study of a food factory in which a 4.1% reduction in resource use is shown to be possible by employing anaerobic digester in an effluent water treatment process. The benefits of this technology option would have been underestimated compared to the benefits of waste heat capture if an analysis based on mass and energy balances alone had been used. The scientific value of this paper is the demonstration of the relatively high exergy content of effluent flows, which should therefore be regarded as potentially valuable resources. The analytical method presented is therefore of value to a wide range of industries beyond the food industry.en
dc.exception.reasonopen access articleen
dc.explorer.multimediaNoen
dc.funderEuropean Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstrationen
dc.identifier.citationKhattak, S.H. and Greenough, R.M., (2017) Resource Accounting in Factories and the Energy-Water Nexus. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-1057-8
dc.identifier.issn1433-3015
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2086/14718
dc.language.isoenen
dc.peerreviewedYesen
dc.projectid608977en
dc.publisherSpringeren
dc.researchgroupInstitute of Energy and Sustainable Developmenten
dc.researchinstituteInstitute of Energy and Sustainable Development (IESD)en
dc.subjectResource accounting in factoriesen
dc.subjectexergy analysisen
dc.subjectenergy-water nexusen
dc.subjectresource efficiencyen
dc.subjectsustainable manufacturingen
dc.subjectenergy efficiencyen
dc.titleResource Accounting in Factories and the Energy-Water Nexusen
dc.typeArticleen

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