International differences in employee silence motives: Scale validation, prevalence, and relationships with culture characteristics across 33 countries

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dc.contributor.authorKnoll, Michael
dc.contributor.authorGötz, Martin
dc.contributor.authorAdriasola, Elisa
dc.contributor.authorAl‐Atwi, Amer Ali
dc.contributor.authorArenas, Alicia
dc.contributor.authorAtitsogbe, Kokou A.
dc.contributor.authorBarrett, Stephen
dc.contributor.authorBhattacharjee, Anindo
dc.contributor.authorBlanco, Norman D.
dc.contributor.authorBogilović, Sabina
dc.contributor.authorBollmann, Grégoire
dc.contributor.authorBosak, Janine
dc.contributor.authorBulut, Cagri
dc.contributor.authorCarter, Madeline
dc.contributor.authorČerne, Matej
dc.contributor.authorChui, Susanna L. M.
dc.contributor.authorDi Marco, Donatella
dc.contributor.authorDuden, Gesa S.
dc.contributor.authorElsey, Vicki
dc.contributor.authorFujimura, Makoto
dc.contributor.authorGatti, Paola
dc.contributor.authorGhislieri, Chiara
dc.contributor.authorGiessner, Steffen R.
dc.contributor.authorHino, Kenta
dc.contributor.authorHofmans, Joeri
dc.contributor.authorJønsson, Thomas S.
dc.contributor.authorKazimna, Pazambadi
dc.contributor.authorLowe, Kevin B.
dc.contributor.authorMalagón, Juliana
dc.contributor.authorMohebbi, Hassan
dc.contributor.authorMontgomery, Anthony
dc.contributor.authorMonzani, Lucas
dc.contributor.authorPieterse, Anne Nederveen
dc.contributor.authorNgoma, Muhammed
dc.contributor.authorOzeren, Emir
dc.contributor.authorO'Shea, Deirdre
dc.contributor.authorOttsen, Christina Lundsgaard
dc.contributor.authorPickett, Jennifer
dc.contributor.authorAnna A. Rangkuti
dc.contributor.authorRetowski, Sylwiusz
dc.contributor.authorArdabili, Farzad Sattari
dc.contributor.authorShaukat, Razia
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Silvia A.
dc.contributor.authorŠimunić, Ana
dc.contributor.authorSteffens, Niklas K.
dc.contributor.authorSultanova, Faniya
dc.contributor.authorSzücs, Daria
dc.contributor.authorTavares, Susana M.
dc.contributor.authorTipandjan, Arun
dc.contributor.authorvan Dick, Rolf
dc.contributor.authorVasiljevic, Dimitri
dc.contributor.authorWong, Sut I.
dc.contributor.authorZacher, Hannes
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-20T13:34:23Z
dc.date.available2024-06-20T13:34:23Z
dc.date.issued2021-05-04
dc.descriptionopen access article
dc.description.abstractEmployee silence, the withholding of work-related ideas, questions, or concerns from someone who could effect change, has been proposed to hamper individual and collective learning as well as the detection of errors and unethical behaviors in many areas of the world. To facilitate cross-cultural research, we validated an instrument measuring four employee silence motives (i.e., silence based on fear, resignation, prosocial, and selfish motives) in 21 languages. Across 33 countries (N = 8,222) representing diverse cultural clusters, the instrument shows good psychometric properties (i.e., internal reliabilities, factor structure, and measurement invariance). Results further revealed similarities and differences in the prevalence of silence motives between countries, but did not necessarily support cultural stereotypes. To explore the role of culture for silence, we examined relationships of silence motives with the societal practices cultural dimensions from the GLOBE Program. We found relationships between silence motives and power distance, institutional collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance. Overall, the findings suggest that relationships between silence and cultural dimensions are more complex than commonly assumed. We discuss the explanatory power of nations as (cultural) units of analysis, our social scientific approach, the predictive value of cultural dimensions, and opportunities to extend silence research geographically, methodologically, and conceptually.
dc.funderNo external funder
dc.identifier.citationKnoll, M. et al. (2021) International differences in employee silence motives: Scale validation, prevalence, and relationships with culture characteristics across 33 countries. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42 (5), pp. 619-648
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/job.2512
dc.identifier.issn0894-3796
dc.identifier.issn1099-1379
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2086/23945
dc.peerreviewedYes
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Organizational Behavior
dc.titleInternational differences in employee silence motives: Scale validation, prevalence, and relationships with culture characteristics across 33 countries
dc.typeArticle
oaire.citation.issue5
oaire.citation.volume42

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