School of Allied Health Sciences
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Item Embargo An African ethics of social wellbeing: Understanding Disability and Public Health(University of Rochester Press, 2020-12-01) Berghs, MariaIn this chapter, I argue that we need to reconceptualise how we think of ethics in public health to address disability in Africa. I begin by investigating what an African morality and ethics would look like, why it is linked to conceptions of personhood and kinship, and how that links into the multiple local and global understandings of disability. Secondly, I note how African ontologies and epistemologies have been linked to ‘cultural’ or ‘traditional’ understandings of disability and nuance those arguments in terms of understanding ‘’the good’ or social wellbeing. Thirdly, I argue that neither ethics nor disability have been integrated into public health approaches in many African contexts. Lastly, I note some of the future challenges that the continent will face and why reconceptualising ethics, disability and public health should be a priority.Item Metadata only Analysis of organometallic compounds in environment and biological samples.(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010-01) Harrington, Christopher F.; Vidler, D. S.; Jenkins, R. O.Measurement of the different physicochemical forms of metals and metalloids is a necessary pre-requisite for the detailed understanding of an element’s interaction with environmental and biological systems. Such chemical speciation data is important in a range of areas, including toxicology, ecotoxicology, biogeochemistry, food safety and nutrition. This chapter considers developments in the speciation analysis of organometallic compounds (OMCs), focusing on those of As, Hg, Se and Sn. Typically, organometallic analysis requires a chromatographic separation prior to analyte detection and gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE) can serve this purpose. Following separation, detection is achieved using element specific detectors (ESDs) such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (API-MS). Techniques employing a vapor generation (VG) stage prior to detection are also discussed. Complementary structural and quantitative data may be acquired through the combination of elemental and molecular mass spectrometry. The advantages and disadvantages of the various analytical systems are discussed, together with issues related to quantification and quality management.Item Metadata only Analysis of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(Springer, 2010) Evans, M. D.; Singh, R.; Mistry, V.; Farmer, P. B.; Cooke, M. S.Item Embargo Angiopoietins(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015-06-06) Singh, HarpritItem Open Access The Anti-Virulence Effect of Cranberry Active Compound Proanthocyanins (PACs) on Expression of Genes in the Third-Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli CTXM-15 Associated with Urinary Tract Infection(Vide Leaf, 2021-02-25) Samarasinghe, S.; Reid, Ruth; Al-Bayati, MajidBackground: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections found in humans, with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) being the most common cause. Prevention of UTI is a major global concern due to its recurrent nature, medical cost, and most importantly, the increased antimicrobial resistance among UPEC. The resistance in UPEC is mainly due to the Extended-Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), particularly the E. coli CTXM-15 type which is known for its rapid dissemination worldwide. Treatment options for E.coli CTXM-15 have become limited over recent years because of their multi-drug resistance, hence anti-virulent strategies based on herbal remedies, have considered as a viable option. The cranberry product, Cysticlean® capsules, contain 240 mg of proanthocyanins (PACs), which have been shown to significantly inhibit E. coli adherence, both in vitro and ex vivo, to uroepithelial cells. Method: In this study, the cephalosporin-resistant E. coli isolate NCTC 1553 (E. coli CTXM-15) was analysed by qRT-PCR (quantitative Reverse Transcriptase -Polymerase Chain Reaction) for the expression of virulence factors after treatment with Cysticlean®. qRT-PCR was carried out to detect virulence determinants encoding for toxins SAT, and USP, the iron acquisition system ChuA, the protectins SoxS, KPSM, TraT and RecA, the antibiotic resistance gene CTX-M (encode β-lactamases), and the transporters IdfB and HcaT. Results: Cysticlean® significantly reduced the expression of all ten selected genes encoding for virulence factors and β-lactamases. Conclusion: Cranberry product Cysticlean® could represent a practicable alternative option for the prevention of recurrent UTI caused by multi-drug resistant E. coli CTXM-15, as the product acts on multiple bacterial targetsItem Metadata only Approaching Narrative Analysis with 19 questions(Edward Elgar, 2012) Cortazzi, M.; Jin, LixianThis chapter is organized around 19 narrative questions, particularly questions about stories, recounts and accounts in education given as oral versions of personal experience, shared by teachers and students in relation to learning.Item Metadata only Arsenic in Rice-Based Infant Foods(Elsevier, 2014) Munera-Picazo, S.; Ramirez-Gandolfo, A.; Cascio, Claudia; Castano-Iglesias, C.; Signes-Pastor, A. J.; Burlo, F.; Haris, P. I. (Parvez I.); Carbonell-Barrachina, A. A.Item Metadata only Articulatory phonetics.(J&R Press Ltd., 2014) Knight, Rachael-Anne; Setter, Jane; Cornelius, PipItem Metadata only Asking, sharing stories and identity construction: socio-cultural issues in narrative research.(Symposium, 2006) Cortazzi, M.; Jin, LixianItem Metadata only Assessment of Gujarati syntactic structures.(STASS, 2003) Chavda, P.; Jin, LixianItem Embargo Attitudes Towards LGBT People and Their Rights in Europe.(Oxford Encyclopedia of LGBT Politics and Policy:, 2020-06-18) Wilson, KathAttitudes towards LGBT people have changed in Europe over the past 30 years; there is generally much more tolerance and acceptance. Evidence drawn from surveys and research projects including the ESS, EVS, and Pew Research Centre illustrate the types of attitudes that have changed, and in which European countries change has occurred. A comparison of attitudes and tolerance across Europe indicates that some countries and groups of countries are more accepting of LGBT people. North Western European Nations appear high in the rankings of trend surveys, whilst more Easterly European Nations have not always followed this trend and in cases such as Russia and Chechnya, ‘propaganda laws’ have denied LGBT people basic human rights. Hostility towards and violence against LGBT people is perpetrated with seeming impunity. Factors that influence attitudes toward LGBT people and the rights are examined including Democracy and Economic Development, Religiosity, Global Forces, and Contact Theories (Adamczyk 2017, Pew Research Center 2013, Kuyper et al 2013, Takacs and Szalma 2011). There is a clear link between legislation and attitudes; in countries where legislation is in place and for example where same-sex marriage is legal, surveys overwhelmingly show a higher acceptance of LGBT people. Legislation is a powerful influence in shaping social attitudes, it is important therefore to consider the legislation adopted by various European countries. Institutions such as the EU are effective in providing protections for LGBT citizens as well as leading on areas such as the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). There has been ‘pushback’ in terms of change and one of the more contested areas is same-sex marriage. Whilst the trend seemed to be a trajectory to introduce same-sex marriage, a number of countries, largely in Eastern Europe have introduced constitutional bans on same-sex marriage, defining marriage as solely between a man and woman. The position of trans and non-binary people is particularly perilous since there is very little legislative protection in place for them. There has been a positive change in attitudes and legislation across Europe which has enhanced the lived lives of LGBT people, these changes however have not been even or uniform across Europe.Item Metadata only Biocatalysts in organic chemical synthesis(Butterworth Heinemann Limited, Oxford., 1997) Jenkins, R. O.Item Metadata only Biomembranes, Ion Channels and New Biomaterials(1996) Haris, P. I. (Parvez I.); Heaton, R.J.; Chapman, D.Item Metadata only Biomethylation of arsenic, antimony and bismuth.(John Wiley & Sons, 2011) Jenkins, R. O.Item Metadata only Item Embargo Biosocial Model of Disability(Springer, 2021-06-28) Berghs, MariaThis chapter began with an introduction to disability and aging as part of the global human condition. It is then argued that a disability perspective is critical to understanding different ways people are aging and those who gain disabilities as they age. Five different models of disability are introduced to give context to some of the debates and ways in which disability is understood. Then the term biosocial is introduced and how that will impact on future creation of disability. It is argued that a biosocial model of disability will begin to evolve.Item Metadata only Black community members as researchers: two projects compared.(Ashgate, 1998) Dyson, Simon; Harrison, MarkItem Embargo Blended learning for teaching cell culture as part of DMU e-Parasitology.(Alcalá de Henares: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Alcalá, 2019-09-01) Pena-Fernandez, A.; Evans, M. D.; Hurtado, C.; Acosta, L.; Izquierdo, F.; Magnet, A.; Pena, M. A.; Singh, N.; Fenoy, S.; Bornay, F. J.; del Aguila, C.Emerging and re-emerging human parasites have become a global health threat due to different factors including globalisation, climate and vector ecology changes that have highlighted the necessity of teaching human parasitology to appropriately train future health care professionals. However, a significant erosion in the teaching of parasitology in conjunction with a reduction of the number of parasitology departments across European universities has been reported. To maintain and strengthen the teaching of this discipline, De Montfort University (DMU, UK) is leading an innovative international project for the development of a complete on-line package for teaching and learning parasitology named DMU e-Parasitology. This package will be publicly available on the DMU website here http://parasitology.dmu.ac.uk/ when completed early in 2019 and have different modules including a Virtual Laboratory. This paper focuses on the first e-learning unit created for the Virtual Laboratory section, named Human Cell Culture, and the validation undertaken to use it as a model unit to build this section. Cell culture is fundamental in parasitology for supporting different areas such as culture of obligate intracellular parasites or testing future drugs against these pathogens. The evaluation of the unit with undergraduate Biomedical Science students in 2017/18 at De Montfort University (UK) indicate that the unit seemed successful in facilitating students to acquire essential basic skills for working with cells in a cell culture room. Finally, we also provide a description of the short-blended learning experience implemented to validate the unit, intervention that could be easily adopted to enhance the teaching of cell culture in human health science programmes.Item Metadata only Blood relations: educational implications of sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia.(Routledge/Open University Press, 1992) Dyson, SimonSickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia are genetic conditions which affect people from Black and ethnic minority communities in much greater numbers than White people, and they remain ill-understood. In this chapter Simon Dyson explains how these conditions affect the lives of the children and adults who have them and considers their educational consequences. The lack of resources allocated to tackling the conditions and widespread ignorance of their effects, Dyson argues, may indicate underlying racism.Item Metadata only Body image exposure’s effect on body dissatisfaction and eating behaviour on recreational gym users(World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS), 2014) Santos-Merx, Lourdes; Cromack, Sarah