School of Art, Design and Architecture
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Item Metadata only 0 & 1: Cyberspace and the myth of gender.(De Montfort University, 2010) Turner, MingItem Open Access 0 to 10,000,000 (commission for Oxford University Biochemistry Department)(2008-12-11) Cattrell, A.Context The Biochemistry Department at Oxford University in collaboration with architects Hawkins Brown commissioned four artists to make permanent art works for their new building. The project was called Saltbridges which is a term in protein chemistry that describes ion pairs, a form of strong interaction between oppositely charged residues. It refers literally and metaphorically to the dynamic relationships between artists and scientists that the project encouraged. Saltbridges aims were to; commission new art works; to encourage intellectual dialogue between research scientists and artists and to establish an outstanding contemporary art collection for the Department. The artists selected for the commissions were Peter Fraser, Nicky Hirst, Tim Head and Annie Cattrell. All of them worked closely with the scientists (who are world renown in their professional fields) in order to make new commissions for the building that referenced concepts and ideas about the research that is undertaken in this specific environment . Saltbridges included two large-‐scale commissions on glass by Nicky Hirst (The Glass Menagerie and Portal). A residency in Structural Bioinformatics and Computational Biochemistry by Tim Head resulting in a digital light work and design for the atrium carpet (Light Cycle and Open Field). A photography residency by Peter Fraser leading to large-‐scale photographic works for the new building. Annie Cattrell worked closely with Professor Jonathan Hodgkin whose research on the genetic development of the nematode has contributed to the winning of a Nobel Prize in 2009 (at Cambridge University) and him wining the Genetics Society Medal in 2012. Research This research investigates how the combining and synthesis of current artistic, and scientific methods, can form new, and challenging approaches, and discourses, in the production of site specific artworks. The methodology for this output is informed by the seminal text by CP Snow on ‘The Two Cultures’ (1959), and subsequent contemporary publications that revisit the art, humanities, and science discourse, such as ‘Art & Science’ by Ede (2005), and ‘Visualizations, The Nature Book of Art and Science’, by Martin Kemp (2000). The research question was intended to show how art, and science, can or cannot, combine to make new aesthetic, and conceptual approaches to making art. The methodological process involved questioning: 1. The scientific method, as a way of understanding living matter, including ethical, impartial and empirical approaches. 2. New approaches that can inform sculptural language, as mediated through the use of 3D prototyping, and laser technologies. 3. Visual aesthetics, and the use of metaphor, in combining artistic and scientific intentions, and concepts to form new artworks. This research lead to Cattrell being commissioned, by Oxford University, to make ‘0 to 10,000,000’ which is a suspended permanent artwork for the air space in the atrium, in the purpose built new Biochemistry Department, designed by architects Hawkins Brown. Initially Cattrell had dialogues with Professor Jonathan Hodgkin, of Oxford University Biochemistry Department, about current biochemical research, and more specifically his research into developmental genetics. Hodgkin’s recent research had contributed to the joint winning of a Nobel Prize in 2009, at Cambridge University, and winning the Genetics Society Medal in 2012. The title of the commission ‘0 to 10,000,000’, refers to the numerical range of the temperature within matter, suggesting and referencing an understanding through scientific measurement, of the complex relationship between a single unit, and a mass of units or particles in a dynamic state of inter-dependency. ‘0’ relates to freezing, where no movement takes place, and ‘10,000,000’ to the inner temperature of the core of the sun, which is a plasma where matter is made, and new elements are formed. Plasma is the fourth state of matter, which is not solid, liquid, nor gas. It is composed of free moving electrons and ions, which are atoms that have lost electrons, and under certain circumstances, protons and neutrons, which makes up 99% of the visible universe. The idea of plasma is relevant from the cosmic, to the bio-molecular scale. Cattrell’s work was composed of a multitude of coloured, suspended resin bird formations. The colours of the birds references temperature. and the overall effect of the piece is to make a metaphorical, sculptural, genetic plasma. The configuration of the work used the flocking patterns of 156 casts, which where made from two taxidermy birds. These were laser scanned, digitally abstracted, and reconfigured using rapid prototyping techniques. Represented beyond the literal, the flock referred to the genetic scientific use, and understanding of living organisms, the dynamic potential of living matter to act as a metaphor, because everything is in constant flux, and the questioning of how three dimensional visual representation can suggest holistic vantage points of understanding complexity.Item Metadata only The 1908 Olympics and the Entente Cordiale(BISP, 2013) Polley, MartinItem Open Access 1920s Women's Overalls(History West Midlands, 2018) Gilbert, J.E.A short article exploring the 1920s overalls and what they can reveal about both design and the lives of women living in the Black Country during this period.Item Metadata only 200 Words(2017-04) Clarke, Louise200 Words is one of two short texts in the book of ideas by performance and endurance artist John Court published in 'an idea of performance a idea of art: By John Court' (Frame Contemporary Art, Finland 2017). This is a large collation of many notebooks which contain John Courts drawings, notes, sketches and ideas for drawing based performances, spanning a period of five years. Other contributing authors include Márcio Carvalho, Phil Sawdon, Sandra Johnston, Victoria Gray, Jonas Stampe, Yingmei Duan, Deborah Harty, Nathan Walker, Shannon Cochrane and Dider MorelliItem Metadata only 3D Print Expo Conference, Moscow - 2 x presentations(2016-11-17) Dean, Lionel T.3D Print Expo Conference, Moscow, Russia 17-18 2016 Presentations entitled:- “Demonstrating the potential of precious metal AM to the jewellery industry” 17/11/16 “Generative design strategies: the product art of Lionel T Dean” 18/11/16 Venue - ECC Sokolniki, MoscowItem Embargo 3D Printing: The Good, The Bad and The Beautiful(2017-01-27) Dean, Lionel T.3D Printing: the good, the bad and he beautiful was a group exhibition held in the Main Gallery of the National Centre for Craft and Design, Sleaford, UK. The exhibition curated by Anne Chick and the University of Lincoln and ran from 27/01/17 – 23/04/17. The exhibition was described as follows:- “The exhibition offers an insight into the complex social, political and environmental issues surrounding 3D printing, including the role of the designer with a technology that is openly available to anyone.” Dr Lionel T Dean was invited to submit four existing works and commissioned to create a fifth. The new work Bella was a multi-platform artwork comprising a video animation clip and a real work 3D printed artefact derived from that performance. The Bella commission was a multi-platform artwork comprising video animation and a physical piece derived from that performance. It takes the form of an art deco lamp and features Bella, a ‘lamp girl’ lifting the illuminated globe. Bella is not a static character however, she morphs through a video animation and appears in four guises in the physical lamp. “Bella is an art nouveau lamp girl at once frustrated by her gender role and empowered by her femininity; does she play the role or the role play her? No longer frozen in time by the limitations on analogue fabrication, Bella exists as a map of experiences and projected gender politics”Item Metadata only 4 into 35 Does Go: Extending Sketches, Drawings, Models and Prototypes to Define a Taxonomy of 37 Design Representations for Improved Communication during New Product Development(International Designers Society of America Conference, 2009-09-23) Evans, M. A.; Pei, Eujin; Campbell, R. I.Today’s highly competitive global markets have highlighted the importance of industrial design and engineering design collaboration in new product development (NPD). NPD can be considered as a sequence of activities beginning with identifying market opportunities and ending with manufacture and sales. To avoid costly rework and to reduce development time, effective externalisation of design concepts amongst NPD team members is crucial. The ideas that initially take place in the form of language, graphics or actual objects must be externalised without unnecessary ambiguity if they are to be shared with others. The absence of a common language and mutual understanding and the ambiguous loosely defined nature of some representations has led to miscommunication, misinterpretation and ineffective working practice. The aim of this research was to provide a more effective, consistent and clear understanding of design representations. The paper considers the nature of design representations and then explores the development, structure and content of the taxonomy of design representations that are employed by industrial designers and engineering designers during NPD. The taxonomy is finally appraised through a four-way evaluation.Item Metadata only 4D Printing - Dawn of an Emerging Technology Cycle(Emerald, 2014-09-09) Pei, EujinPurpose - This article reviews state-of-the-art developments in 4D printing, discusses what it is, investigates new applications that have been discovered and suggests its future impact Design/methodology/approach - The article clarifies the definition of 4D printing and describes notable examples covering material science, equipment and applications Findings - This paper highlights an emerging technology cycle where 4D printing research has gained traction within additive manufacturing. The use of stimuli-responsive materials can be programmed and printed to enable pre-determined reactions when subject to external stimuli Originality/value - This article reviews state-of-the-art developments in 4D printing, discusses what it is, investigates new applications that have been discovered and suggests its future impactItem Metadata only 4D printing - Revolution or fad?(Emerald, 2014-04-01) Pei, EujinItem Metadata only 4D Printing – A Paradigm Shift in Additive Manufacture(3D Printing Industry, 2014-07-04) Pei, EujinAdvancements in AM hardware and increasing knowledge of material science have led to an emerging technology cycle. This is 4D printing where time as the fourth dimension is combined with conventional 3D printing processes. It is not about how long it takes to print a part; but rather the fact that a 3D printed object, after being built, still continues to evolve over time (Pei, 2014). It is also not limited to a particular type of 3D printing technique, part geometry or the type of material being used. 4D printing is unique because printed parts can still physically or chemically change by responding to the surrounding environment. The key ingredient is the selective use of adaptive, biomimetic composites whereby parts can re-shape when subjected to external stimuli.Item Metadata only A Human Laboratory and the Radical Image(University of South Wales, 2023-06-01) Kasumovic, MarkDelivered as part of the Documentary Futures Symposium at the European Centre for Documentary at the University of South Wales. In the second edition of the Documentary Futures international symposium, we address the state of the image and the rapidly altering landscape of photographic practice in the wake of the explosion and commercialisation of Artificial Intelligence. We explore what role artists, theorists and documentarians can assume within or against the architecture of machine learning at this critical juncture in human-machine development whilst exploring the implications of big data on photography and our shifting relationship to reality as affected by technical imagery. The second aspect and panel of the symposium will seek to understand how we use documentary's own shortcomings and blind spots in a world where fact rather than truth is debated. We discuss what methods are used by practitioners and researchers to embrace the faults, power dynamics and fictions inherent in their medium(s). In doing so we can look to engage in documentary's speculative potential and function in imagining hopeful futures. Recording: https://themothhouse.com/2023/05/08/documentary-futures-online-symposium-redefining-technical-images-and-speculative-blind-spots/Item Open Access À la Redécouverte des photographies perdues des Expositions de la Royal Photographic Society(Etudes Photographiques, 2016-04) Brown, Stephen C.Cet article présente une tentative réussie de rassembler des archives photographiques jusque là éparpillées, conservées dans différentes institutions, par l’utilisation seule d’informations textuelles de ces archives, afin d’identifier des œuvres qui on fait défaut à d’importants catalogues d’exposition pendant plus de 100 ans. Conduite dans le cadre du projet FuzzyPhoto financé par le Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) au Royaume-Uni, cette étude a permis de développer un outil de recherche pour les chercheurs intéressés à identifier les œuvres de collections de musées en ligne en dépit des lacunes, imprécisions et erreurs que ces documents peuvent comporter. Ce texte décrit les défis rencontrés dans le travail avec des archives de musées ainsi que la méthode développée pour les traiter. Cette nouvelle approche repose sur des techniques d'appariement sémantique et sur des algorithmes basés sur une logique floue qui illustrent les types de choix que tout humain preneur de décision opère en poursuivant ce genre de tâches. Les résultats sont présentés et l’enjeu de cette recherche est débattu pour servir les institutions de préservation du patrimoine culturel et plus largement encore.Item Open Access A Learning Journey, modules, pathways and CPD(2020-09-11) Rowan, N.For learners entering University they know they have a passion for their subject and are hungry to learn, however their journey is not always clear and the pathways to knowledge can be closed within modules or levels. Throughout the University knowledge can be siloed which may stop learners making intuitive leaps between modules and fully grasping the interconnected nature of their programmes. As for programmes with pathways, it is not always clear what a pathway will entail until the learner is already committed to that journey and other pathways may start to appear more appealing. Through a CAI sabbatical I aimed to create a Blackboard Community that encapsulates a learners journey on our programmes in Product Design and allow the learner to access key materials and skills in a single place without the barriers of module or level. The aims of this project were: • To place all core knowledge in a single easily accessible place • To allow learners to openly see and interact with materials from all levels of their study at a point that it interests them Additional benefits to this resource have been: • This resource can be used proactively to inspire students with material which may not be on their core module. In my area we have 3 programmes that share a number of core modules with specialisations. This has allowed students to view non-core materials. • This resource can be used retrospectively, to further support students who have struggled in an LO in a specific assessment. On our mark sheets we have produced a formula which looks at a student’s grade for a specific LO and it that drops below a threshold a comment can be added to their feedback saying “I note you have struggled with X please find additional resources on that topic here X’Item Embargo A new approach to evaluating urban flood risk: the case of Guangdong Province in China(Taylor and Francis, 2025-03-14) Xu, Wenping; Han, Pan; Proverbs, DavidIn light of frequent flood risks in Guangdong Province and the lack of recent research, this study developed a four-dimensional assessment system with 16 indicators covering disaster risk, environmental sensitivity, vulnerability of disaster-bearing bodies, and disaster prevention capabilities. Weights were assigned using the ANP and EWM, and flood risks in 21 prefecture-level cities were ranked using the TOPSIS method. Risk maps were generated with ArcGIS. Results reveal uneven flood risk distribution, with high-risk areas concentrated in the Pearl River Delta, western, and northern regions, influenced by multiple factors. Vulnerability and disaster prevention capabilities were identified as critical considerations. The study verifies the feasibility of the method, offering a scientific basis for flood risk management in Guangdong and supporting sustainable urban development.Item Metadata only A Novel Modeling Approach to Quantify the Flood Resilience of Cities(MDPI, 2024-04-07) Proverbs, David; Xu, Wenping; Du, Wenwen; Cai, XinyanIn recent years, large-scale flood events have occurred more frequently, and the concept of resilience has become a prevalent approach to managing flood risk in many regions. This has led to an increased interest in how to effectively measure a city’s flood resilience levels. This study proposes a novel modeling approach to quantify urban flood resilience by developing D-number theory and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) models, which are applied to three cities in China using the VIse Kriterijumski Optimizacioni Racun (VIKOR) method. The findings reveal that Hefei City has the most effective level of flood resilience, Hangzhou City was ranked second, while Zhengzhou City has the least effective level of flood resilience. This study provides a new scientific basis on how to quantify flood resilience at the city scale and provides a useful reference for these three specific cities. The methods and approaches developed in this study have the potential to be applied to other cities and in the related aspects of disaster prevention, recovery, and reconstruction.Item Open Access A scientometric analysis of quantity surveying research: trends and future direction(University of Johannesburg, 2023-12-27) Aghimien, Douglas; Adegbembo, TaiwoThe development of people, organisations and professions is driven by several factors including research. As such, evaluating research trends within a given field of study is necessary to understand current issues and identify gaps to make meaningful contributions to the body of knowledge. The scientometric analysis offers the opportunity to understand these research trends while identifying leading contributors (authors, countries, institutions), impactful contributions and areas of focus in existing studies. Using the scientometric analysis, this paper presents a visualisation of quantity surveying (QS) research published from 2003 to 2023 and indexed in the Scopus database. Using an interpretivist philosophical stance, the study found that QS studies have emanated from diverse countries, including the United Kingdom, Malaysia, Nigeria, South Africa and Australia. Journal outlets are the major sources of disseminating QS research findings, while the lack of proper indexing of many QS conference proceedings is responsible for fewer conference publications. Past QS studies have focused on six major areas, which are (1) QS professional service and management, (2) QS and BIM in design and cost estimating, (3) QS competencies, (4) QS education and training, (5) QS in the construction industry, (6) QS and project planning. These identified areas create room for future studies to research less explored areas such as human resource management, higher education, information theory, QS and climate change adaptation, green/circular/bio-economy, digitalisation, and innovative construction.Item Open Access A Scientometric Review of Present and Future Trends of Embedded Systems in the Built Environment(Springer, 2023-11-08) Ikuabe, M.; Aigbavboa, C.; Oke, A.; Aghimien, DouglasThis study presents a scientometric review conducted to define and delineate utilization of embedded systems in construction project delivery. This was done with the view of providing directions for future studies as well as stimulating a wider debate among construction stakeholders on the use of embedded systems in the industry. The study adopted an interpretivist philosophical view using an inductive approach and a grounded theory strategy. The data used were secondary in nature and were gathered from the Scopus database using specific related keywords. Co-occurrence maps were further created based on the bibliographic data gathered using the VOSviewer text mining software. Three clusters of co-occurring keywords were formed from the analysis, and these are labelled as sensor network systems and models, real-time systems and designs, and construction process automation. The study opens a new vista in the deliberations of the studies on technological innovations in the built environment.Item Open Access A study of the temporal and spatial evolution trends of urban flood resilience in the Pearl River Delta, China(Emerald, 2025-03-31) Xu, Wenping; Han, Pan; Proverbs, David; Guo, XinruPurpose In view of the increasing threat of flooding across the world and specifically the vulnerability of the Pearl River Delta region to these risks, this study undertakes a spatial and temporal evolution of flood risk in the region, including an assessment of urban flood resilience. Design/methodology/approach By combining the pressure-state-response (PSR) model and the nature-economy-society-infrastructure (NESI) framework, an urban flood resilience index system is constructed. The order relation analysis method, Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation method and the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje evaluation method, they were then combined to quantify urban flood resilience and reveal the hierarchical relationships that exist between key factors. Using ArcGIS software, the resilience levels of each city are dynamically tracked and compared to reveal the trends in flood resilience over a three-year period. Findings The results show that annual precipitation and impervious areas are the key factors impacting environmental pressure, while the sewage treatment rate is found to be the key response measure. The cities of Guangzhou and Shenzhen were shown to have maintained high flood resilience indexes (FRI), while Zhaoqing City was the weakest. Flood resilience levels across the Pearl River Delta were found to vary significantly, with the central and southern cities having higher levels than those in the eastern and western regions. Originality/value This study constructs a new combined method for assessing urban flood resilience, which is suitable for quickly and accurately assessing the short-term spatial and temporal evolution trend of urban flood resilience.Item Metadata only A. J. Cook, D. H. Lawrence, and Revolutionary England: Discourses and Performances of Region and Nation in 1926(Palgrave Macmillan, 2013) Featherstone, S.Focusing on the coincidence of journeys to the East Midlands made by D. H. Lawrence and the Secretary of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain, Arthur Cook, the chapter explores the ways in which the two men represented issues of national identity and struggle in the aftermath of the General Strike of May 1926. It examines Cook's oratory and engagement with the profound regionalism of his union along with Lawrence's fictional and non-fictional reflections upon his final visit to his native region in a reconsideration of what both men represented as a revolutionary moment.