Browsing by Author "Winstanley, S."
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Item Metadata only Aggression towards health care staff in a UK general hospital: variation among professions and departments(Blackwell, 2004-01-01) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.Item Metadata only Aggressive encounters between patients and general hospital staff: Staff perceptions of the context and assailants' levels of cognitive processing.(2004) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.A considerable body of research has accumulated regarding aggression toward health care staff, yet little is known about the contextual factors involved. The present study examined the context within which aggressive incidents occurred and the dynamics of the interaction between staff and patients. Two aspects in particular were investigated; firstly, whether incidents were preceded by some anxiety provoking stimulus and secondly, the assailants’ levels of cognitive processing apparent at the time of the incident. A prospective study collected data concerning incidents of physical assault and threatening behaviour in a general hospital. Staff were interviewed soon after the incident occurred. A content analysis determined that 82.8% of incidents involved experiences delivered by the staff victims likely to have provoked anxiety in the assailant. Most commonly, incidents involved staff intervening in the patient’s intended behaviour. In addition, in 64% of cases, assailants were actually displaying some impairment in cognitive processing at the time of the incident Data suggest that many patients may not have been fully aware of their situation and might have experienced some difficulty in comprehending the staff member’s actions. Patients who do not appear to understand what is happening may require additional time and effort to ensure they comprehend fully and accept what the staff member is intending to do, particularly if patients are experiencing an event likely to increase anxiety levels.Item Metadata only Anxiety, burnout and coping styles in general hospital staff exposed to workplace aggression: a cyclical model of burnout and vulnerability to aggression(Blackwell, 2002-10-04) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.Item Metadata only Attentional bias in test anxious students in Higher Education in the UK.(2009-07-17) Widdowson, J.; Winstanley, S.; Yee, M.Item Metadata only Cognitive model of patient aggression towards health care staff: the patient's perspective(Taylor and Francis, 2005-10-04) Winstanley, S.Item Metadata only Commentary on Luck L, Jackson D & Usher K Innocent or culpable Meanings that emergency department nurses subscribe to individual acts of violence(Wiley, 2008) Whittington, R.; Winstanley, S.Item Metadata only Coping strategies of test anxious UK undergraduates.(2011-05-05) Widdowson, J.; Winstanley, S.; Yee, M.Item Metadata only Effect on mood of a bogus weight gain.(2005) Winstanley, S.; Dives, L.Item Metadata only Effects of ego-involving instructions and state anxiety on performance in test anxious undergraduate students.(2009-07-18) Widdowson, J.; Winstanley, S.; Yee, M.Item Metadata only Effects of Optimism, Social Support, Fighting Spirit, Cancer Worry and Internal Health Locus of Control on Positive Affect in Cancer Survivors: A Path Analysis(Wiley, 2012) Hodges, K.; Winstanley, S.The psychological impact of a cancer diagnosis can extend through treatment, well into cancer survivorship and can be influenced by a range of psychosocial resources. At different stages in this trajectory, optimism is known to affect wellbeing directly. This study focusing upon the potential to flourish after cancer, investigates the relationship between optimism and positive affect during cancer survivorship together with four possible mediators: social support, fighting spirit, internal health locus of control and cancer worry, all of which have been shown to be important predictors of well-being in cancer patients. Participants (n = 102) from online cancer forums completed standardized questionnaires, and path analysis confirmed that optimism had a direct effect on positive affect in cancer survivors. Social support and fighting spirit were also shown to be significant mediators of this relationship, accounting collectively for 50% of the variance in positive affect.Whilst cancer worry and internal health locus of control could be predicted from levels of optimism, they did notmediate the optimism–positive affect relationship. Efforts to promote optimismand thus encourage fighting spirit at diagnosis through treatment may be worthwhile interventions, as would ensuring appropriate social support through the trajectory.Item Metadata only ‘Marginalised malignancies’: A qualitative synthesis of men's accounts of living with breast cancer(Elsevier, 2015-11-26) Williamson, I. R.; Winstanley, S.; Quincey, KerryRationale: Breast cancer in men is a rare, under-researched illness frequently overlooked within both clinical and third-sector healthcare systems. Increased prevalence and high profile awareness-raising, advocacy and activism around breast cancer in women has led to pervasive feminisation of the disease, prompting a misperception of breast cancer as a women-only illness. This deters men from seeking medical attention, professional and social support, and increases sensitivity to body image concerns. Methods: Drawing on the principles of critical health psychology, we offer an interpretive and evaluative qualitative synthesis of existing academic literature in the field, and reveal how the marginalisation of men with breast cancer poses a host of psychosocial and psychosexual difficulties for patient-survivors beyond the primary cancer challenge at all stages of the illness trajectory. Results: We discuss how identities, masculinities, coping responses and resources, and relationships are often affected, and demonstrate how current approaches to breast cancer serve to isolate men who develop the illness, potentially alienating and emasculating them. Conclusion: Our analysis integrates and enhances the findings of the original papers through more theorised considerations of stigma, masculinity and marginalisation. Further, we briefly consider some of the ways men's experiences diverge and converge with women's accounts, and discuss the importance of re-appraising ‘pink ribbon culture’ for both men and women. We conclude with some recommendations for advocacy and intervention in professional and lay contexts.Item Metadata only Optimism, social support, coping, health locus of control and cancer worry in relation to well-being in people living beyond cancer: A path analysis.(2012-02-16) Hodges, K.; Winstanley, S.Item Metadata only Predictors of test anxiety in UK Undergraduates but no effect upon performance.(2011-05-05) Widdowson, J.; Winstanley, S.; Yee, M.Item Metadata only Prevalence of aggression toward residential social workers: Do qualifications and experience make a difference?(2008) Winstanley, S.; Hales, L.Item Metadata only Recognising the risks in a general hospital.(2000-11-12) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.Item Metadata only The risk of assault to physiotherapists: Beyond zero tolerance?(Elsevier, 2008) Stubbs, B.; Winstanley, S.; Alderman, N.; Birkett-Swan, L.Item Metadata only Violence and aggression in a general hospital: Burnout amongst health care staff.(British Psychological Society, 1998) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.Item Metadata only Violence and aggression toward health care staff in a general hospital.(1999-10-12) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.Item Metadata only Violence in a general hospital: comparison of assailant and other assault-related factors on accident and emergency and inpatient wards(Blackwell, 2002-06-01) Winstanley, S.; Whittington, R.