Browsing by Author "Walsh, Susannah E."
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Item Metadata only Activity and mechanism of action of selected biocidal agents on Gram-positive and –negative bacteria.(Wiley, 2003) Walsh, Susannah E.; Maillard, J-Y.; Russell, A. D.; Catrenich, C. E.; Charbonneau, D. L.; Bartolo, R. G.Item Metadata only Antimicrobial activities of hydrogen peroxide and its activation by a novel heterogeneous Fenton's-like modified PAN catalyst.(Wiley, 2011) Boateng, M.; Price, S. L.; Huddersman, Katherine; Walsh, Susannah E.Item Metadata only Antimicrobial Catalyst, PCT Patent Application No. PCT/GB2008/002864(2009) Huddersman, Katherine; Walsh, Susannah E.Item Metadata only Brushes and picks used on nails during the surgical scrub to reduce bacteria: a randomised trial.(Elsevier, 2009) Tanner, Judith; Khan, Debra; Walsh, Susannah E.; Chernova, J.; Lamont, S.; Laurent, T.Though brushes are no longer used on the hands and forearms during the surgical scrub, they are still widely used on the nails. The aim of this study was to determine if nail picks and nail brushes are effective in providing additional decontamination during a surgical hand scrub. One hundred and sixty four operating department staff were randomised to undertake one of the following three surgical hand scrub protocols; chlorhexidine only, chlorhexidine and a nail pick or chlorhexidine and a nail brush. Bacterial hand sampling was conducted before and one hour after scrubbing using a modified version of the glove juice method. No statistically significant differences in bacterial numbers were found between any two of the three intervention groups. Nail brushes and nail picks used during surgical hand scrubs do not decrease bacterial numbers and are unnecessary.Item Metadata only Comparison of antimicrobial textile treatments(2007-07-16) Williams, J. T.; Painter, P.; Smith, Edward; Walsh, Susannah E.Item Metadata only Comparison of antimicrobial textile treatments.(Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2010) Smith, Edward; Williams, J. T.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Painter, P.Item Metadata only Development of bacterial resistance to several biocides and effects on antibiotic susceptibility(Elsevier, 2003) Walsh, Susannah E.; Maillard, J-Y.; Russell, A. D.; Catrenich, C. E.; Charbonneau, D. L.; Bartolo, R. G.Item Metadata only The development of sol-gel based hybrid polymers to achieve multifunctional textile fabric surface coating(2013) Shen, Jinsong; Smith, Edward; Chizyuka, M.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Martinková, L.Item Metadata only Filtration Sterilization(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2013) Walsh, Susannah E.; Denyer, S. P.Item Metadata only A fresh look at preoperative body washing.(Sage, 2012) Tanner, Judith; Gould, D.; Jenkins, P.; Hilliam, R.; Mistry, N.; Walsh, Susannah E.National guidelines do not support preoperative body washing to reduce surgical site infections, instead recommending bathing or showering with soap. Yet preoperative body washing continues to be widely used in many hospitals across Europe. This paper suggests that existing trials of preoperative body washing, upon which guidelines are based, are dated and proposes a new investigation of preoperative body washing using modern definitions of surgical site infection with standardised patient follow up, modern surgical techniques and well designed trials. This paper provides a critique of existing guidelines and describes a randomised trial with 60 participants to compare the effect of soap and two antiseptic washing products on colony forming units (CFUs) for up to six hours. Chlorhexidine gluconate and octenidine were significantly more effective than soap in reducing CFUs in the underarm, and chlorhexidine was significantly more effective than soap in reducing CFUs in the groin.Item Open Access Microneedle Coating Techniques for Transdermal Drug Delivery.(Pharmaceutics, 2015-11-05) Haj-Ahmad, R.; Khan, H.; Arshad, M. S.; Rasekh, M.; Hussain, A.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Li, X.; Chang, M-W.; Ahmad, Z.Item Metadata only Mycobactericidal activity of Hydrogen Peroxide Activated by a Novel Heterogeneous Fentons-like Catalyst System.(Letters in Applied Microbiology, Wiley, 2012) Price, S. L.; Huddersman, Katherine; Walsh, Susannah E.; Shen, JinsongAims To investigate the potential activation of hydrogen peroxide by a novel catalyst, reducing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide required, and the time taken, for mycobactericidal activity. Methods and Results The mycobactericidal properties of an iron based novel heterogeneous modified polyacrylonitrile catalyst in combination with hydrogen peroxide were examined against Mycobacterium chelonae using a modified version of the European suspension test. Mycobactericidal activity was significantly increased when the modified polyacrylonitrile catalyst was combined with hydrogen peroxide. The 0.5% w/v hydrogen peroxide and 2g catalyst system resulted in average log reductions of >5.80 for Mycobacterium chelonae at 30 minutes exposure at room temperature. This was a significant increase in activity (p<0.01) compared to 0.5% w/v hydrogen peroxide alone. Conclusions This study has expanded on previous work and knowledge of the modified polyacrylonitrile catalyst and hydrogen peroxide system, by providing evidence for mycobactericidal activity when the novel polyacrylonitrile catalyst is combined with hydrogen peroxide. Significance and impact of the study This publication demonstrates the enhanced mycobactericidal activity gained by using the novel heterogeneous catalyst, developed at De Montfort University, to potentiate the activity of hydrogen peroxide as a biocide. This system could be used as an alternative to peracetic acid in endoscope disinfection.Item Metadata only Mycobactericidal and bactericidal properties of a novel antimicrobial catalyst and its ‘leachate’(2011) Price, S. L.; Shen, Jinsong; Huddersman, Katherine; Walsh, Susannah E.Item Metadata only Nanolayer surface coating of cotton fabric with sol-gel based hybrid polymers to achieve hydrophobic and antibacterial properties(2012) Shen, Jinsong; Smith, Edward; Chizyuka, M.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Martinková, L.Item Embargo New platforms for multi-functional ocular lenses: engineering double-sided functionalized nano-coatings(Taylor and Francis, 2015-01-13) Mehta, P.; Justo, L.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Arshad, M. S.; Wilson, C. G.; O'Sullivan, C. K.; Moghimi, S. M.; Vizirianakis, I. S.; Avgoustakis, K.; Fatouros, D. G.; Ahmad, Z.Item Metadata only Ortho-Phthalaldehyde: a possible alternative to glutaraldehyde for high level disinfection.(1999) Walsh, Susannah E.; Maillard, J-Y.; Russell, A. D.Item Metadata only Ortho-Phthalaldehyde: proposed mechanism of action of a new antimicrobial agent.(2000) Simons, C.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Maillard, J-Y.; Russell, A. D.Item Metadata only Possible mechanisms for the relative efficacies of ortho-Phthalaldehyde and glutaraldehyde against glutaraldehyde-resistant Mycobacterium chelonae.(Wiley, 2001) Walsh, Susannah E.; Maillard, J-Y.; Russell, A. D.; Hann, A. C.Item Metadata only Potentiation of hydrogen peroxide activity using a novel heterogeneous catalyst(2011) Walsh, Susannah E.; Price, S. L.; Boateng, M.; Shen, Jinsong; Huddersman, KatherineItem Metadata only Presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in faecal samples collected in urban parks in Leicester, UK.(Toxicology Letters, 2016-09) Baho, S.; Hoosen, H.; Samarasinghe, S.; Walsh, Susannah E.; Lobo-Bedmar, M. C.; del Aguila, C.; Fenoy, S.; Izquierdo, F.; Magnet, A.; Pena-Fernandez, A.Although a public health concern, there is limited information about the presence of antibiotic-resistant human pathogenic bacteria in the UK environment. Identification of environmental contaminants, including biological hazards, is critical to protect the public health. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are considered important Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens. Urban animals may play a significant zoonotic role in the dispersion of these pathogens. 46 faecal samples were collected in different public parks in Leicester city in April-May 2016. Samples were collected in days of no rain to avoid problems with the integrity of the sample. Animal species were identified by a veterinarian: 18 avian (5 pigeons, 13 waterfowls), 15 dog, 3 cat, 7 fox and 3 unidentified. Faecal samples were analysed using routine coprological methods of modified Telemann and MIF. Seven Extended-Spectrum -Lactamases genes for Gram-negative bacteria, and bacteria species (K. pneumoniae and E. coli) were determined using specific primers by PCR. DNA was extracted by bead disruption of prepared samples using the Fast-DNA-Spin kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. We detected genes for enzymes for those -Lactamases in 11 samples (specifically CTX-M-15), which corresponded with 6 samples form waterfowls, 3 from dogs and 2 from foxes. None of the samples was identified for K. pneumoniae or E. coli. Although the results are preliminary, the data obtained in this study has revealed the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in urban areas that are highly frequented by citizens, which may require recovery and restoration in addition to pro-active public health measures to protect public health.