Browsing by Author "Tingle, Elizabeth"
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Item Embargo The Afterlives of Rulers: Power, Patronage and Purgatory in Ducal Brittany 1480-1600(Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Afterword: The European Reformation Research Group Looking Forward(Brill, 2023-02-15) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Authority and Society in Nantes during the French Wars of Religion 1559-1589(Manchester University Press, 2006) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only A Companion to Death, Burial and Remembrance in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe c.1300-1700(Brill, 2021-01-01) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only The Counter Reformation and the Parish Church in Western Brittany (France) 1500-1700(Ashgate, 2016) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Dying, Death, Burial and Commemoration in Reformation Europe(Routledge, 2015) Tingle, Elizabeth; Willis, JonathanItem Open Access Entre polémique et affaire pastorale : Prédication des indulgences en France de 1550 à 1650.(Revue Études Épistémè, 2020) Tingle, ElizabethThe Reformation in Germany was sparked – inadvertently – by the preaching of Johan Teztel on indulgences. Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses opened up a new polemic on the nature and significance of pardons that found a response throughout the western Church. In the following century, preaching about indulgences mirrored contemporary debates about religious authority, good works and salvation. In France, while Protestant polemic condemned indulgences across the period, from the mid-sixteenth century, Catholic preachers adopted pardons as a sign of orthodoxy and as a useful practice for the faithful. After the Council of Trent upheld the practice of indulgences in 1563, the Roman Jubilees of 1575 and 1600 popularised plenary pardons across Europe, including France. This revival was aided by the re-adoption of traditional devotions in the militant Catholicism of the League Wars, when preaching recommending indulgences increased. Polemical uses of indulgences continued into the first quarter of the seventeenth century, but with the quietening down of religious conflict after 1630, sermons adopted a more pastoral tone. Preachers turned to recommending indulgences as a spiritual work, a means of interior as much as exterior reform. In this presentation, I will examine preaching on indulgences in France over the period 1550 to 1650 and place it in the evolution of devotional practices, from anti-Protestant polemic to Catholic pastoral care.Item Metadata only French Reactions to the 1517 Debate in Theory and Practice(Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 2017-04-01) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Indulgences after Luther: Pardons in Counter-Reformation France 1520-1720(Pickering & Chatto, 2015) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Indulgences after Luther: the fall and rise of pardons in Counter-Reformation France(Brepols, 2017) Tingle, ElizabethWhen Martin Luther issued his Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences, or Ninety-Five Theses in 1517, he was writing in a long tradition of criticism of easy routes to salvation and the complacency of sinners. He did not intend to cause a schism in the Catholic Church. But the catalyst given to debates about the means by which humans receive divine grace, rent apart western Christendom. Indulgences rapidly passed into memory as the cause of Reformation. Forty-five years later in December 1563, at the final session of the Council of Trent, a ruling on indulgences ended the meeting and thereby opened the formal Counter Reformation, at least in traditional histories. Thus, in both Protestant and Catholic Reformations, indulgences had a formative role. Despite their notoriety as an abuse of the late Medieval Catholic Church, indulgences survived the Reformation and religious wars of the sixteenth century to became again an important form of intercession for living and dead souls. By 1700 they were available all over Catholic Europe, at pilgrimage shrines and parish altars, through confraternity membership and private prayer, by donation to pious causes and in the possession of special objects. Indulgences were a ubiquitous devotional presence, available to rich and poor, men and women, young and old. They transcended popular and elite religion, a tradition in which Catholics of all social backgrounds participated. But indulgences have received limited attention for the early modern era and we know little about the reasons for their renewed popularity. This essay offers a short survey of the fate of indulgences, contextualized in a study of France, across the wars of religion and the ‘century of saints’Item Open Access Indulgences in the Catholic Reformation: polemic and pastoral uses of pardons in France 1520-1700(Routledge, 2014) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only La Sainte Ligue et les origins de la Réforme catholique en France, à partir de l’exemple de Nantes(Classiques Garnier, 2016-12) Tingle, ElizabethItem Open Access Long-Distance Pilgrimage and the Counter Reformation in France: sacred journeys to the Mont Saint-Michel 1520 to 1750(2016-07-22) Tingle, ElizabethItem Embargo Mary and the Dead. Intercession for Departed Souls in Counter-Reformation France(2015) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Midland History(Taylor & Francis, 2019-10) Tingle, ElizabethThe volume is a special edition of the Journal Midland History, edited by Elizabeth TingleItem Metadata only Overview. France in the Sixteenth Century: Monarchy, Renaissance and Reformation 1494-1610(Routledge, 2023-12-23) Tingle, ElizabethIn traditional historiography, the period 1494-1610 in France was one of transition from medieval to early modernity, through the state building of the Renaissance Monarchy of the later Valois kings and the early absolute monarchy of the first Bourbon king Henry IV. The early modern interests of the annaliste historians and their descriptions of long-enduring social structures of demography, family formation, tenure and economic forms of production, with clear regional differences across France, encouraged alternative interpretations of continuity and the importance of impersonal historical agents but also of history from below. The more recent cultural turn in history has shaken up both paradigms: diversity, dissidence and agency has been shown in peasant, urban and courtly societies and such historians have sought to uncover and explain the ties, theoretical, institutional and material, that bound them together. In this overview, three central themes of this current Sixteenth-century historiography will be explored in a broadly chronological outline. The first theme is that of nonarchy, the royal state and the culture of politics in sixteenth-century France. The growth in authority of the Valois kings Louis XII, Francis I and Henry II was visible to contemporaries and later generations, although its causes, nature and scope have been debated. Here, we will examine evolving theories of kingship and changes in state administration at the centre and in the provinces of France - law-making and the judiciary, including the parlements, growth of fiscal apparatus and exactions, administrative growth across the realm - all were vital to the new assertiveness of the crown. The religious wars which broke out in the early 1560s reduced the practical authority of the later Valois kings and limited their freedom of action. The result was a series of creative ‘experiments’ in theoretical bolstering, assertion of royal law and the creation of institutions of peace-making and pacification, held together by the royal person, a vital precursor to the absolutist developments of the following century. Across the whole period, other features of political practice affected the development of the royal state: the creation of a public sphere no matter how small, through print and polemic; the marshalling of visual and material culture in the service of political authority; the role of gender and the place of royal women in the exercise of power. The assassination of Henry IV in 1610 – which was a crisis but did not lead to catastrophe for the monarchy – will end the section. The second theme is that of Renaissance, Reformation and religious conflict. The relationship between Church and Crown was central to the theory and practice of royal authority. Religion also lay at the core of all French subjects’ lives. Evangelical reform, influenced by Humanist scholarship, was prominent in France in the first half of the reign of Francis I, who was sympathetic towards it. But as Lutheranism and then Reformed Protestantism or Calvinism expanded, the monarchy moved to repression. Simultaneously, a resurgent Catholicism, influenced by the Council of Trent and other reforming agents, became more militant and yet also more pastorally-focused. These changes will be traced in the chapter, as will the causes and evolution of the religious wars of the later sixteenth century. The religious cultures of Huguenot and Catholic, text, material culture, new religious institutions and popular responses, have received lively study and the ideas of ‘community of believers’ and ‘confessionalisation’ will be touched on here. The third theme is that of communities and networks in sixteenth-century France, that is, social groups and their interaction. Knowledge of the nobility is fundamental to any understanding of the workings of the monarchical state, whether political process or causes of religious war. Noble cultures, patronage and clientage, including the role of women, will be examined as they have received much recent scholarly attention. Also, the changing nature of urban society has growth of population and economies, urbanism and space, and some of the resultant social issues, such as poverty and new forms of poor relief, criminality and justice, family and gender relations. A brief look at other forms of dissidence – namely popular revolt and witchcraft – will also be given. Overall, the chapter will provide a chronology for sixteenth-century France, along with a discussion of causation and consequence, understood through recent historical writing on the period.Item Metadata only 'Pilgrimage in Early Modern Catholicism' in Oxford Bibliographies in Renaissance and Reformation, ed. Margaret King.(Oxford University Press, 2023-01-12) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Preaching Afterlife. Teachings on Purgatory in France, 1500-1700(Classiques Garnier, 2020-09-01) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Purgatory and Piety in Brittany 1480-1720(Ashgate, 2012) Tingle, ElizabethItem Metadata only Religion and Conflict, Conflict and Religion: Long-Distance Pilgrimage and the (Re)building of Catholic Identity in an Era of Religious War in France 1550-1650(Routledge, 2020-12-28) Tingle, Elizabeth