Browsing by Author "Timmis, Andrew"

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    Airports and ageing passengers: A study of the UK
    (Elsevier, 2019-10-21) Graham, Anne; Budd, Lucy; Ison, Stephen; Timmis, Andrew
    Globally, improved standards of living, nutrition and medical treatment are extending human life expectancy and enhancing quality of life with the result that an increasing number of ageing passengers are using airports. This ‘grey boom’ presents both challenges and opportunities for airports as older travellers exhibit distinct and different travel characteristics concerning their propensity to fly, their travel purpose, trip duration, destination, surface access preferences, dwell time, retail habits, familiarity with airport automation and self-service technologies, and use of terminal facilities such as airport information desks, adaptive and assistive technologies and special assistance support. The aim of this paper is to use publicly available data to undertake an exploratory investigation into the use of UK airports by older travellers and make recommendations for future policy and practice. Overall, the study finds that the impact of this observed demographic change varies by individual airport and thus future policy and management of an ageing passenger profile needs to reflect the operational challenges on a location-by-location basis.
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    An Exploratory Study of Mobility Hub Implementation
    (Elsevier, 2023-08-03) Arnold, Tom; Frost, Matthew; Timmis, Andrew; Dale, Simon; Ison, Stephen
    Mobility Hubs (MH) have been developed, as multimodal interchanges focussed on public transport, active travel modes, and shared mobility, with the aim of encouraging more sustainable forms of travel. There is emergent evidence of MH development and implementation across an increasing number of international cities often with different interpretations of the concept. The aim of this paper is to analyse the decision-making factors behind MH implementation. 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with transport professionals involved with MH implementation in the United States, mainland Europe and the United Kingdom. The interviews revealed common elements in the decision-making process categorised under four headings, namely: Purpose, Process, Place and Performance referred to as the 4 Ps. These are used as explanatory factors to understand the variety of MH implementation globally. Furthermore, they have utility as a decision-making guide for prospective cities considering MH implementation. This enables exploration of how MHs develop and are implemented responding to the specific aims, opportunities, challenges, and contexts of a move from private transport to more active and shared modes of mobility.
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    Factors affecting environmental practice adoption at small European airports: an investigation
    (Elsevier, 2020-10-06) Harley, Grace; Timmis, Andrew; Budd, Lucy
    The majority of the world’s 3,759 commercial airports handle under 5 million passengers a year and these small airports rarely employ practices to address their environmental externalities. The aim of this research is to investigate the range of environmental practices (EPs) that are employed at small European airports and identify the factors which affect their adoption. The findings of an online survey of 413 small airports in the European Common Aviation Area reveal that the EPs most commonly adopted concern waste management and noise reduction. Privately owned airports were generally more engaged with EPs than publicly owned ones. Consumer pressure, regulatory intervention, and airport size positively affected the adoption of environmental practices whereas complexity, perceived relative advantage and human resource constraints acted as barriers to adoption. The paper concludes with recommendations for policy and practice to support EP engagement and reduce the environmental impact of small airport operations worldwide.
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    Mobility Hubs: Review and Future Research Direction
    (Sage, 2022-07-30) Arnold, Tom; Frost, Matthew; Timmis, Andrew; Dale, Simon; Ison, Stephen
    Globally, cities face a range of transport-related environmental, social, and economic challenges, not least congestion, air pollution, and promotion of sustainable modes of public transport. Mobility hubs (MHs) have been identified as a mechanism to aid the move toward a sustainable transport network and are at various stages of implementation in cities throughout the world. The growing prevalence of MH schemes highlights the requirement for a holistic overview of MH networks to ascertain their characteristics and inform policy direction. Consequently, this study presents a review of current MH deployment and literature, with the aim of examining this global phenomenon and identifying a future research agenda. The study combines a comprehensive review of web searches with gray literature and a limited number of articles from academic journals. Twenty locations, at different stages of development and implementation, were identified as examples to be reviewed and analyzed, thereby providing a context for the review. Subsequently, four themes have emerged: objectives of MHs, format, location, and operational factors. Key findings include the importance of stakeholder engagement in design and location choices, the significance of branding, and connection with existing travel infrastructure including public transport and active travel. Additionally, the provision of amenities is common to MH schemes because it promotes usage and integration into the local landscape. From this detailed review of the state of MHs, a future research agenda has been identified, including further defining MHs, understanding the origin and applicability of MH objectives, considering day-to-day operations, policy transfer implications, and further evaluations of single and network MHs.
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    A New Modelling Approach for Predicting Vehicle-based Safety Threats
    (IEEE, 2022-03-14) Formosa, Nicolette; Quddus, Mohammed; Ison, Stephen; Timmis, Andrew
    Existing autonomous driving systems of intelligent vehicles such as advanced driver assistant systems (ADAS) assess and quantify the level of potential safety threats. However, they may not be able to plan the best response to unexpected dangerous situations and do not have the ability to cope with uncertainties since not all vehicles can always keep a safe gap from preceding vehicles and drive at a desired velocity. Previous research has not taken such uncertainties into account, it is, therefore, necessary to develop models which are not restricted by the predefined movement patterns of a vehicle. Existing systems are based on a model that estimates the threat level based only on one factor Time-To-Collision (TTC). This approach is limited since it cannot handle all scenarios and ignores all uncertainties. To overcome these limitations, this paper utilised deep learning to develop a range of models that rely on a group of factors to reliably estimate the threat level and predict conflicts under uncertainty using the concept of looming ’. Comparative analyses were undertaken by incorporating new varying input factors to each model (e.g., surrogate safety measures, vehicle kinematics, macroscopic traffic data). Real-world experiments demonstrated that adding new factors increases the reliability and sensitivity of the models. Results also indicated that the models that consider looming provide low false alarm rate extending their applications for a wider spectrum of traffic scenarios. This is paramount for ADAS as uncertainties are inherent in the deployment of connected and autonomous vehicles in a mixed traffic stream.
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    Small Airport Adoption of Environmental Practices – A Managerial Perspective
    (Henry Stewart, 2023) Harley, Grace; Timmis, Andrew; Budd, Lucy