Browsing by Author "Rees, S. J."
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Item Metadata only An analytical verification test suite for building fabric models in whole building energy simulation programs(2002-01-01) Rees, S. J.; Spitler, J. D.; Xiao, D.Item Open Access Application of Dynamic Thermal Networks to the modelling of Foundation Heat Exchangers(2011) Fan, D.; Rees, S. J.; Spitler, J. D.Foundation Heat Exchangers (FHX) are a novel form of ground heat exchanger for residential applications and, by virtue of lower costs, could increase the up-take of efficient heat pump technology. This work has aimed to develop a new efficient model of such heat exchangers for system simulation. The recently developed Dynamic Thermal Network approach has been applied to formulate a model of the FHX that includes the basement, pipes and adjacent ground. This response factor approach allows complex three-dimensional geometries such as this to be represented. The formulation of the method and its application to the FHX is described along with a numerical procedure to calculate the required weighting factor series. An improved method of calculating this data and reducing it to a compact form is presented. Experimental data has been used to verify the results.Item Metadata only Applications of a dynamic three-dimensional numerical model for borehole heat exchangers(2009) He, M.; Rees, S. J.; Shao, L.Item Metadata only CFD modelling of convective heat transfer from a window with adjacent venetian blinds(2005-01-01) Marjanovic-Halburd, Ljiljana; Cook, M. J.; Hanby, V. I. (Victor Ian), 1942-; Rees, S. J.Item Metadata only Dynamic response simulation of circulating fluid and a borehole heat exchanger(2010) He, M.; Rees, S. J.; Shao, L.Item Metadata only A dynamic thermal network approach to the modelling of Foundation Heat Exchangers(Taylor and Francis, 2012) Fan, D.; Rees, S. J.; Spitler, J. D.Item Metadata only An experimental study of air flow and temperature distribution in a room with displacement ventilation and a chilled ceiling.(Elsevier, 2012) Rees, S. J.; Haves, P.Item Open Access Holographic data visualization: using synthetic full-parallax holography to share information(SPIEProceedings@SPIE.org, 2017-03-15) Richardson, Martin; Dalenius, Tove Noorjahaan; Rees, S. J.This investigation explores representing information through data visualization using the medium holography. It is an exploration from the perspective of a creative practitioner deploying a transdisciplinary approach. The task of visualizing and making use of data and “big data” has been the focus of a large number of research projects during the opening of this century. As the amount of data that can be gathered has increased in a short time our ability to comprehend and get meaning out of the numbers has been brought into attention. This project is looking at the possibility of employing threedimensional imaging using holography to visualize data and additional information. To explore the viability of the concept, this project has set out to transform the visualization of calculated energy and fluid flow data to a holographic medium. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of flow around a vehicle, and a model of Solar irradiation on a building were chosen to investigate the process. As no pre-existing software is available to directly transform the data into a compatible format the team worked collaboratively and transdisciplinary in order to achieve an accurate conversion from the format of the calculation and visualization tools to a configuration suitable for synthetic holography production. The project also investigates ideas for layout and design suitable for holographic visualization of energy data. Two completed holograms will be presented. Future possibilities for developing the concept of Holographic Data Visualization are briefly deliberated upon. © (2017) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.Item Metadata only Implementation and validation of ground-source heat pump system models in an integrated building and system simulation environment(2006-08-01) Rees, S. J.; Fisher, D. E.; Murugappan, A.; Padhmanabhan, S. K.Item Metadata only Large-eddy simulation of buoyancy-driven natural ventilation in an enclosure with a point heat source.(2007-06-01) Cook, M. J.; Abdalla, I. E.; Rees, S. J.; Yang, Z.Item Metadata only A model for annual simulation of standing column well ground heat exchangers(Int Journal of Heating, Ventilation, Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Research, 2005-11-01) Rees, S. J.; Deng, Z.; Spitler, J. D.Item Metadata only A Model for Simulating the Performance of a Pavement Heating System as a Supplemental Heat Rejecter with Closed-Loop Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems(ASME, 2000) Chiasson, A. D.; Spitler, J. D.; Rees, S. J.; Smith, M. D.Item Metadata only A Model for Simulating the Performance of a Shallow Pond as a Supplemental Heat Rejecter with Closed-Loop Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems.(ASHRAE, 2001) Chiasson, A. D.; Spitler, J. D.; Rees, S. J.; Smith, M. D.Item Open Access Monitoring and Performance Analysis of a Large Non-domestic Ground Source Heat Pump Installation(CIBSE, 2011) Naiker, S. S.; Rees, S. J.Application of GSHP systems to provide heating and cooling for non-domestic buildings is seen as a viable and effective way of reducing carbon emissions and achieving design renewable energy targets. The application of GSHP systems and their optimal design can be improved through use of reliable system design and simulation models. To assess the validity of design models, availability of high quality field data is critical. Many experimental and monitoring studies have been concerned with domestic scale GSHP installations. In this research work a monitoring system has been implemented to collect high quality dataset from functioning GSHP heating and cooling system in a large educational building at De Montfort University. Operational data have been logged for every minute since the system was commissioned and will provide high quality heat transfer and energy data that will be used for GSHP system model development and validation. Preliminary performance analysis has been carried out and this paper describes the GSHP installation and the monitoring system. Operational data collected over the first year is presented along with a detailed analysis of system performance. The daily average COP of Heat Pumps varied between 3 and 6. The seasonal COP of the system was found to be 4.13. When the ground loop circulating pump was taken into consideration the seasonal COP was found to be 3.41. The reasons for performance variation over different periods are discussed.Item Open Access National Deployment of Domestic Geothermal Heat Pump Technology: Observations on the UK Experience 1995–2013(MDPI, 2014) Rees, S. J.; Curtis, R.Uptake of geothermal heat pump technology in the UK and corresponding development of a domestic installation industry has progressed significantly in the last decade. This paper summarizes the growth process and reviews the research that has been specifically concerned with conditions in the UK. We discuss the driving forces behind these developments and some of the supporting policy initiatives that have been implemented. Publically funded national trials were completed to assess the performance and acceptance of the technology and validate design and installation standards. We comment on both the technical and non-technical findings of the trials and the related academic research and their relevance to standards development. A number of technical issues can be identified—some of which may be particular to the UK—and we suggest a number of research and development questions that need to be addressed further. Current national support for the technology relies solely on a tariff mechanism and it is uncertain that this will be effective enough to ensure sufficient growth to meet the national renewable heat target in 2020. A broader package of support that includes mandatory measures applied to future housing development and retrofit may be necessary to ensure long-term plans for national deployment and decarbonization of heat are achieved. Industry needs to demonstrate that efficiency standards can be assured, capital costs reduced in the medium-term and that national training schemes are effective.Item Metadata only A numerical implementation of the Dynamic Thermal Network method for long time series simulation of conduction in multi-dimensional non-homogeneous solids(Elsevier Ltd, 2013) Rees, S. J.; Fan, D.The Dynamic Thermal Network (DTN) approach to the modelling of transient conduction was conceived by Claesson (1999,2002,2003) as an extension of the network representation of steady-state conduction processes. The method is well suited to the simulation of building fabric components such as framed walls and thermally massive structures such as basements but can also be applied to the long timescale simulation of other conduction problems. The theoretical basis of the method and its discretized form is outlined in this paper and a new numerical procedure for the calculation of the necessary weighting factor data is presented. Such data has previously been generated for three-dimensional bodies by a heuristic process of blending analytical solutions and numerical data. The numerical approach reported here has the advantage of accommodating parametric representations of multi-dimensional geometries and allows the data to be produced in an automated fashion and so more easily incorporated into simulation tools. Enhancements to the data reduction procedure and a generalised approach to representing complex boundary conditions are also presented. The numerical procedure has been validated by a series of comparisons with analytical conduction heat transfer solutions and discretization errors were found to be acceptably small. Compared to numerical methods, calculations using the DTN method were found to be up to four orders of magnitude quicker but with comparable accuracy.Item Metadata only Numerical investigation of transient buoyant flow in a room with a displacement ventilation and chilled ceiling system(International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2001-08-01) Rees, S. J.; Haves, P.; McGuirk, J. J.Item Open Access Operational Performance and Calibrated Model Analysis of a Large Low-Energy University Building(2013-08-26) Rees, S. J.; Dadioti, RThis paper demonstrates a reproducible methodology for calibrating detailed energy models using hourly measured data that has been applied to evaluation of a large naturally ventilated university building. The aim of the project is to develop a rigorous calibration method and use it to investigate Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) and retrofit renewable energy technologies to achieve carbon emissions reduction. The methodology is based on a standardized day-typing method using data visualization and statistical techniques to establish accurate schedules for non weather-dependent demands. The influential weather-dependent sources of output uncertainty have been studied using two forms of sensitivity analysis. It was found that applying the Modified Morris method resulted in effective calibration with a manageable quantity of annual simulations and allowed some insight into the physical behaviour of the building. We also show how data visualisation has allowed further refinement of the model.Item Metadata only Performance of Mixed-mode Cooling Strategies for Office Buildings in Arid Climates(IBPSA, 2009) Ezzeldin, S; Rees, S. J.; Cook, M. J.Item Metadata only The potential for office buildings with mixed-mode ventilation and low energy cooling systems in arid climates(Elsevier, 2013) Rees, S. J.; Ezzeldin, SThe application of hybrid or mixed-mode ventilation in severe arid climates and its integration with other passive cooling strategies is very challenging. This paper presents a systematic evaluation of the performance of various Mixed-Mode cooling strategies for office buildings with different levels of internal heat gain operated in four cities representative of arid climates. The results of simulations made with EnergyPlus are evaluated in terms of appropriate thermal comfort criteria and subsequently potential reductions in plant energy consumption so that the most effective strategies to mitigate the energy consumption associated with air-conditioning processes. The results show that hybrid approaches to maintaining indoor environmental conditions have the potential to save approximately half of the plant energy consumption compared to common active air-conditioning systems. Savings in plant energy due to the application of mixed-mode strategies that include low energy cooling technologies such as radiant, evaporative and ground-coupled cooling could exceed 80%. We conclude that mixed-mode cooling strategies should be able to provide satisfactory indoor environments and can result in highly efficient office building designs and so should be considered for application in arid climates.