Browsing by Author "Painter, B."
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Item Metadata only 5 million lux meters(2007-05) Mardaljevic, John; Painter, B.; Andersen, M.Item Open Access Analysing climate action plans of selected UK cities for their SDG alignment(IESD, De Montfort University, 2019-07-04) Ozawa-Meida, Leticia; Painter, B.; Bhattacharyya, SubhesIn UK, the Climate change Act of 2008 has placed a binding target of reducing the net carbon emission in 2050 by at least 80% compared to the 1990 baseline. With a high share of urban population, the contribution of cities and urban areas towards climate change mitigation and adaptation becomes crucial. UK being a signatory to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in 2016, there is a new emphasis on the sustainability of cities as well. In this paper, a preliminary analysis of climate action initiatives of three UK cities (Bristol, Leicester and Milton Keynes) and their alignment with the SDG is presented. We used a text mining approach to analyse the climate action plans and then use this to map the alignment with the SDGs. We find that climate action plans have not focused on the sustainable development goals or the SDGs and their focus remains limited mainly to mitigation activities through promotion of renewable energies at homes and in buildings and actions on transport. However, climate action plans could influence a significant number of SDGs and an integrated approach could be beneficial for the cities and their residents.Item Metadata only Capturing the user experience of electrochromic glazing in an open plan office(Proceedings of the CIE Centenary Conference 2013, 15-16 April, Paris, 2013-04) Painter, B.; Kelly, R.; Mardaljevic, J.; Irvine, K. N.Item Metadata only Case study: Naturally ventilated building in a city centre(Taylor and Francis, 2018-10-30) Painter, B.; Cook, M. J.The Frederick Lanchester Library at Coventry University opened in September 2000 and is one of the largest naturally ventilated buildings in the world. The deep-plan layout and its urban location, close to the city centre of Coventry, made the design of a low energy building without air conditioning and with maximum daylight provision particularly challenging. Both the library and the estates staff are well aware that naturally ventilated buildings require different maintenance procedures to traditional, mechanically ventilated buildings. The library has also demonstrated that it is possible to co-locate areas which are to be occupied for longer periods of time, especially into the evenings and night, within a naturally ventilated building by keeping them separately accessed and controlled. Since overheating in summer is one of the potential problems associated with naturally ventilated buildings, particular attention was given to the effect of the night time cooling on internal temperatures during periods with high ambient temperatures.Item Metadata only Case study: Naturally ventilated building in a city centre.(2009) Painter, B.; Cook, M. J.Item Open Access Comparison Study of Traditional and Contemporary Islamic Dwelling Design in Hot Climates, with Reference to Benghazi, Libya(2016) Ali, Nagah; Taki, A. H.; Painter, B.In Benghazi, Libya, the rising population and increased housing demand has led to high energy consumption in order to provide comfortable conditions. These contemporary dwellings make use of outdoor open spaces and a high glazing ratio of the building envelope, leading to significant underperformance with respect to heat gains and cooling loads when compared with more traditional dwellings. The aim of this paper is to investigate the main features of traditional Islamic houses, which can enhance environmental comfort and reveal insights when compared with contemporary houses. The methodology will consist of reviewing previous research regarding traditional Islamic houses in order to find the main climatic features, as well as a case study that will involve evaluating contemporary houses in Benghazi, Libya. Furthermore, 60 questionnaires were distributed in order to determine the main problems relating to both residents and housing design in terms of enhancing housing thermal comfort and decreasing energy consumption. The comparative study shows that the majority of traditional Islamic houses have sustainable features that can be integrated into contemporary houses in order to provide thermal comfort whilst minimising energy consumption. These features include internal open spaces (such as courtyards), and small, high openings in the external façade, together with shading devices and specific building orientation. The research likewise displays that 89% of contemporary Islamic houses in Benghazi not only lack the integration of these sustainable features as internal open spaces, but also shows that all of the local residents depend on air conditioning when facing the hot days. Additionally, the survey illustrates that just 15% of architects are responsible for designing these houses, and this has led to window designs with a high glazing ratio, and all of the windows being located in the hottest façades of the houses. The implication of the outcome with regards to sustainable designing of contemporary Islamic houses is discussed in order to help produce guidelines for designers that would respond to both the climate and to local people’s needs.Item Open Access Control of Daylight and Natural Ventilation in Traditional Architecture of Ghadames, Libya(2016-03-21) Alabid, Jamal; Taki, A. H.; Painter, B.Housing energy consumption accounts for almost 36% of total primary energy use in Libya of which cooling and lighting are the main source of demand. This study reviews passive control methods employed in traditional dwellings of Ghadames that highly contribute to enhance indoor thermal and visual comfort. Designing for natural ventilation and daylighting in harsh environment poses a greater challenge to building designers. Twenty one traditional dwellings were surveyed to assess building designs and performance in terms of daylight and natural ventilation interoperability. The study conducted field surveys comprising measurements of indoor/outdoor temperatures while concurrently investigating inhabitants’ thermal feeling through both direct semi-structured interviews and questionnaire. In addition, drawings were made to demonstrate the design elements and techniques used to minimize extreme outdoor temperatures and best make use of daylight. Findings indicate that skylight openings play an important role in promoting day and night ventilation. The opening’s position and size have to be carefully studied to prevent excessive direct solar heat gains and induce air movement across internal spaces. The field surveys showed that occupants were thermally satisfied in naturally ventilated dwellings having considered that fixed ceiling fan is used at late afternoon when indoor temperature starts to rise gradually. Also the use of light color roofs and walls is recommended which is approved to enhance interior lighting and increase the outdoor albedo ratio. Embedding passive design measures in traditional dwellings can be very effective and cheap in reducing the cooling and lighting demand; the impact on future housing development is also discussed.Item Metadata only A data collection method for long-term field studies of visual comfort in real-world daylit office environments(2009-06) Fan, D.; Painter, B.; Mardaljevic, J.Item Metadata only Development of an Intelligent Fisheye Camera(IEEE Press, 2015-07) Bassford, Marie; Painter, B.Item Metadata only Electrochromic glazing in buildings - A case study(Wiley, 2015) Mardaljevic, J.; Kelly Waskett, R.; Painter, B.Item Metadata only Electrochromic Glazing: Avoiding the Blues(2014-04) Mardaljevic, J.; Kelly Waskett, R.; Painter, B.The dynamic control of daylight has been called the “Holy Grail” of the fenestration industry. Electrochromic (EC) glass is believed to be the leading contender in the race to manufacture a glazing technology that will achieve the accolade set down by Steve Selkowitz in 1998. With recent investment in the scaling-up of production capacity, EC glass is now set become a mainstream glazing product. As EC glass darkens (‘tints’) the peak in the spectral transmittance curve shifts to the blue. Whilst control of the luminous and thermal environment is highly desirable, occupants are believed to prefer daylight illumination that is perceived as neutral rather than tinted. Thus the question regarding the neutrality of the illumination spectrum is an important one that needs to be addressed. In this paper the authors show that it is possible to maintain an effectively neutral spectrum of daylight illumination in a space with EC glass in normal operation, provided that a relatively small proportion of the glass is left in the clear state. A theoretical formulation giving the overall spectral transmittance curves for any arbitrary combination of clear and tinted EC glazing in varying proportions is outlined. Applying the theoretical model it should be possible to configure and/or control an actual EC glass installation so that neutral daylight illumination results. The theoretical model is tested using measurements of the daylight spectra in an office space with EC glazing for various combinations of clear and tinted glass.Item Metadata only Electrochromic glazing: Properties and design guidelines(Institut für internationale Architektur-Dokumentation GmbH & Co. KG, Munich, Germany, 2014) Mardaljevic, J.; Kelly Waskett, R.; Painter, B.Item Open Access Energy retrofit interventions in historic buildings: exploring guidance and attitudes of conservation professionals to slim double glazing in the UK(Elsevier, 2017-05-19) Painter, B.; Ginks, NatashaItem Metadata only Evaluation of a Mixed Method Approach for Studying User Interaction with Novel Building Control Technology(MDPI, 2016-03) Painter, B.; Irvine, K. N.; Kelly Waskett, R.; Mardaljevic, J.Item Metadata only Evaluation of sensors for post-occupancy building monitoring.(2010) Painter, B.; Brown, Neil; Cook, M.Item Metadata only Evidence-based daylight research: Development of a new visual comfort monitoring method(2009-09) Painter, B.; Fan, D.; Mardaljevic, J.Item Metadata only Green space, soundscape and urban sustainability: an interdisciplinary, empirical study.(2009) Irvine, K. N.; Devine-Wright, Patrick; Payne, S.; Fuller, R. A.; Painter, B.; Gaston, K. J.Item Open Access Integrating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into Urban Climate Plans in the UK and Japan: A text analysis(MDPI, 2021-06-19) Ozawa-Meida, Leticia; Ortiz-Moya, Fernando; Painter, B.; Hengesbaugh, Matthew; Nakano, Ryoko; Yoshida, Tetsuro; Zusman, Eric; Bhattacharyya, SubhesCities are increasingly adopting potentially sustainable climate plans. Integrating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into these plans could help stabilize the climate while generating jobs, narrowing equity gaps, fostering innovation, and delivering other sustainability benefits. Yet, how much cities are integrating the SDGs into climate plans remains poorly understood. This article shed light on this question with a text analysis of SDG “keywords” in climate plans for two British and two Japanese cities. The results revealed that none of the surveyed cities have connected climate with socioeconomic priorities covered in SDG1 (poverty), SDG8 (employment), SDG5 (gender), and SDG10 (inequalities). Meanwhile, the United Kingdom cities made more connections between climate and responsible consumption and production (SDG12) than the Japanese cities. Further, Kyoto, Japan shares a climate-SDGs linkages profile that resembles the United Kingdom cities more than Kawasaki. Though not without limitations, text analysis can facilitate the city-to-city peer learning needed to make urban climate plans sustainable within and across countries.Item Open Access Intelligent Bio-Environments: Exploring Fuzzy Logic Approaches to the Honeybee Crisis(2016-09) Bassford, Marie; Painter, B.This paper presents an overview of how fuzzy logic can be employed to model intelligent bio-environments. It explores how non-invasive monitoring techniques, combined with sensor fusion, can be used to generate a warning signal if a critical event within the natural environment is on the horizon. The honeybee hive is presented as a specific example of an intelligent bio-environment that unfortunately, under certain indicative circumstances, can fail within the natural world. This is known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). The paper describes the design of a fuzzy logic methodology that utilizes input from non-invasive beehive monitoring systems, combining data from dedicated sensors and other disparate sources. An overview is given of two fuzzy logic approaches that are being explored in the context of the beehive; a fuzzy logic system and an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS).Item Metadata only The long-term evaluation of electrochromic glazing in an open plan office under normal use: Project outline(2012-11) Kelly, R.; Painter, B.; Mardaljevic, J.; Irvine, K. N.