Browsing by Author "Orun, A."
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Item Open Access 3D non-invasive inspection of the skin lesions by close-range and low-cost photogrammetric techniques(International Society for Stereology & Image Analysis, 2017) Orun, A.; Goodyer, E. N.; Smith, GeoffIn dermatology, one of the most common causes of skin abnormality is an unusual change in skin lesion structure which may exhibit very subtle physical deformation of its 3D shape. However the geometrical sensitivity of current cost-effective inspection and measurement methods may not be sufficient to detect such small progressive changes in skin lesion structure at micro-scale. Our proposed method could provide a low-cost, non-invasive solution by a compact system solution to overcome these shortcomings by using close-range photogrammetric imaging techniques to build a 3D surface model for a continuous observation of subtle changes in skin lesions and other features.Item Embargo An accurate detection of micro-collapse during the lyophilization of a 5% w/v lactose solution using a combination of intelligent laser speckle imaging and through-vial impedance spectroscopy(Elsevier, 2025-01-03) Orun, A.; Vadesa, A.; Smith, GeoffIn a freeze drying (FD) process, an accurate observation and control of the process parameters at critical stages are at high importance. Particularly accurate and timely identification of the critical temperature (Tc) at the end of primary drying phase would lead to heating energy cost reduction and product waste elimination by ending the process before the product’s micro-collapse stage. Aim: Within this work, a combination of novel techniques, optical technique called Intelligent Laser Speckle Imaging (ILSI) in association with product image texture analysis, coupled to an electrical impedance technique called through vial impedance spectroscopy (TVIS) has been applied onto the real-time product states observation process to identify the specific structural product surface/subsurface characteristics and hence the micro-collapse stage. Method: 2 cycles – one providing a profile for standard approach (non-collapsed) and another with a temperature ramp through Tc to micro-collapse, TVIS provides an assessment of the onset of micro-collapse through the assessment of the acceleration in drying rate whereas the ILSI with pattern recognition detects the change in microstructureItem Open Access Analysis of METEOSAT cloud motion wind vectors at Istanbul(CIESIN Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network, 1993-04-04) Aslan, Z; Natarajan, K.; Orun, A.The wind vector evaluation through Meteosat is useful for a continental belt like Turkey where nation-wide radiosonde and aircraft data are suboptimal, especially from the point of view of numerical weather prediction (NWP). Towards this goal, investigations have been carried out on the Meteosat cloud motion winds using IR imagery with collocated radiosonde data in and around Istanbul with the eventual aim of developing general circulation models in the Mediterranean region.Item Metadata only Application of through vial impedance spectroscopy (TVIS) for the determination of ice nucleation, solidification endpoint, and mannitol crystallization and melt-back temperature during freezing and annealing(2019-09-06) Ogugua, Longinus; Smith, Geoff; Orun, A.Studies of the freezing behavior of aqueous solutions of mannitol are highly relevant to lyophilization process development given the prevalent use of this excipient. Here, through-vial impedance spectroscopy (TVIS) was used to study the behaviour of an aqueous solution of 5%w/v mannitol during a freezing and re-heating cycle. Temperature calibration of the TVIS parameter FPEAK enabled the determination of the ice nucleation temperature Tn at −13 oC while the ice solidification end point was observed based on the time profile of C' (0.2MHz), i.e. the real part capacitance at 0.2 MHz. A time difference of 20 min between the onset and end point then defines the ice solidification time ti. A later step in C^' (0.2MHz) indicated that mannitol crystallized at -32 oC and 20 minutes from end of ice solidification. Upon reheating at 0.2 oC/min, a large increase in C' (0.2MHz) was seen at −32 oC indicating the onset of melting of mannitol crystals which then lasted 20 min.Item Open Access Automated identification of man-made textural features on satellite imagery by Bayesian networks(American Society for photogrammetry and Remote sensing, 2004-02-01) Orun, A.A classification technique which distinguishes between manmade and natural textural features visible on high resolution satellite images is introduced. The proposed work aims to evaluate non-linear classification techniques by the unification of appropriate texture analysis methods and a learning Bayesian classifier which is more robust against data uncertainty than the other types of linear classifiers. The classification technique introduced within this work will also provide an opportunity for fully automated thematic and land-use map generation.Item Open Access Automatic Real-time Vehicle Classification by Image Colour Component Based Template Matching(arXiv, Cornell University, USA, 2000-05) Orun, A.Selection of appropriate template matching algorithms to run effectively on real-time low-cost systems is always major issue. This is due to unpredictable changes in image scene which often necessitate more sophisticated real-time algorithms to retain image consistency. Inefficiency of low cost auxiliary hardware and time limitations are the major constraints in using these sorts of algorithms. The real-time system introduced here copes with these problems utilising a fast running template matching algorithm, which makes use of best colour band selection. The system uses fast running real-time algorithms to achieve template matching and vehicle classification at about 4 frames /sec. on low-cost hardware. The colour image sequences have been taken by a fixed CCTV camera overlooking a busy multi-lane road.Item Open Access Automatic Real-time Vehicle Classification by Image Colour Component Based Template Matching(arXiv, 2000-03-03) Orun, A.Selection of appropriate template matching algorithms to run effectively on real-time low-cost systems is always major issue. This is due to unpredictable changes in image scene which often necessitate more sophisticated real-time algorithms to retain image consistency. Inefficiency of low cost auxiliary hardware and time limitations are the major constraints in using these sorts of algorithms. The real-time system introduced here copes with these problems utilising a fast running template matching algorithm, which makes use of best colour band selection. The system uses fast running real-time algorithms to achieve template matching and vehicle classification at about 4 frames /sec. on low-cost hardware. The colour image sequences have been taken by a fixed CCTV camera overlooking a busy multi-lane road.Item Metadata only Behaviour analysis of micro-organisms to observe invisible substance effects: Towards the more sensitive biological effect detectors(IEEE, 2012) Orun, A.; Kurugollu, F.; Seker, H.Item Open Access Camera resolution enhancement in artificial way for the stationary scenes(European Patent Office (EPO), 1998-07-21) Orun, A.It is a camera design comprising a micro movable vertical diaphragm screening partly the last column which is at width one pixel of the matrix of CDD detectors and micro movable horizontal diaphragm screening partly the last detector row. Besides the camera can be shifted left/upwards in proportion with the share of pixel dimensions of itself and is equipped with external micro movement mechanism. The greyness level (0-255) of image pixel values can be individually screened by means of software. The evaluations of the screened image pixel are a) image reception under normal conditions, b) reception and arithmetic operations overlapped with the first following the micro shift of the camera. By this method, the CDD resolution is increased artificially by dividing the hybrid pixels which can not be seen in objective detail sides in the image.Item Open Access Characterising pattern asymmetry in pigmented skin lesions(MIUA, British Machine Vision Association, 2003-07) Orun, A.; Claridge, E.; Powell, J.Abstract. In clinical diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions asymmetric pigmentation is often indicative of melanoma. This paper describes a method and measures for characterizing lesion symmetry. The estimate of mirror symmetry is computed first for a number of axes at different degrees of rotation with respect to the lesion centre. The statistics of these estimates are the used to assess the overall symmetry. The method is applied to three different lesion representations showing the overall pigmentation, the pigmentation pattern, and the pattern of dermal melanin. The best measure is a 100% sensitive and 96% specific indicator of melanoma on a test set of 33 lesions, with a separate training set consisting of 66 lesions.Item Open Access The Characterization of photonic quantum wave-particle duality fluctuation phenomenon by Bayesian inference (AI)(KOBIT7, University of Eskisehir Turkey, 2023-02-02) Orun, A.Abstract: The magnitudes of atomic exchange [1] activities between the chemical substances (by interactions at interferometer’s test chamber) had already been observed earlier by quantization of interferometric (Mach-Zehnder) quantum eraser pattern’s motions caused by the photonic wave-particle duality fluctuations [2][3]. In our further experiments here, such fluctuations have been characterised by use of Bayesian inference technique (AI) which was capable of revealing the hidden information/links in the wave-particle duality fluctuation phenomenon, as normally not visible to human observer in a complex time-domain sequence of measurements. Within this work, the constructive role of AI techniques [4] (Bayesian Networks [5] in particular) has been emphasised which would lead to more effective analysis of a quantum phenomenon in the future.Item Open Access A comparative study of Meteosat, ECMWF and radiosonde wind vectors at Istanbul(Elsevier, 2000-04-28) Orun, A.; Natarajan, K.; Aslan, Z.Wind vector evaluation through Meteosat is useful for a continental belt such as Turkey, where nationwide radiosonde and aircraft data are suboptimal, especially from the point of view of numerical weather prediction (NWP). Towards this goal, investigations have been carried out on the Meteosat cloud motion winds (CMW) using IR imagery with collocated radiosonde data in and Istanbul with the eventual aim of extending this study to develop general circulation models in the Mediterranean region. The CMW analysis reveals correlation with the radiosonde data superior to that of the European Center for Medium range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) for the period of study. This study also confirms that Meteosat CMWs are subject to less severe speed biases, although there is a tendency to underestimate CMW speeds for low- speed scenarios, as opposed to high wind speeds as suggested in the past studies.Item Open Access Detection of sub-cellular changes by use of λ=6.5 micron laser light interaction in association with Intelligent Laser Speckle Classification (ILSC) technique(arXiv, 2021-03-21) Orun, A.The study is based on a principle of laser physics so that a (coherent) laser light whose wavelength is shorter than a feature under inspection (like sub-cellular component) can interact with such specific feature (or textural features) and generates laser speckle patterns which can characterize those specific features. By the method we have managed to detect differences at sub-cellular scales such as genetic modification, cellular shape deformation, etc. with 87% accuracy. In this study red laser is used whose wavelength (6.5 microns) is shorter than a plant cell (~60 microns) that is suitable to interact with sub-cellular features. The work is assumed to be an initial stage of further application on human cellular changes observation that would be utilized for development of more accurate methods such as better drug delivery assessments, systemic diseases early diagnosis, etc.Item Metadata only Development of a computer game-based framework for cognitive behaviour identification by using Bayesian inference methods.(Elsevier, 2012) Orun, A.; Seker, H.Item Metadata only Discovery of connection between Age Related Macular Degeneration, MTHFR C677T and PAI 1 4G/5G gene polymorphisms and body mass index by means of Bayesian inference methods(2012) Celebiler, A.; Seker, H.; Yuksel, B.; Orun, A.; Bilgili, S.; Karaca, M. B.Item Open Access Geographic Information Systems Integration with the remote sensing data and the expert systems(CIESIN Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network, 1993-04-04) Orun, A.GIS modelling techniques have evolved over the years especially consequent to the provision of multiband large scale data via remote sensing and with the use of computer facilities with high storage capability in recent years. Meanwhile raster and vector based GIS information have begun to be widely used all over the world with the implication of versatile integration between image processing database and the expert systems. The work presented in this paper focuses on an interactive expert system (StarExpert) which is aimed to be developed in Marmara Research Centre.Item Open Access Image subpixel estimation by the evaluation of ON satellite sensor model(IEEE, 2004-06-14) Orun, A.Mis-registration of ground control points caused by mixed pixels are the most significant error sources in remote sensing. Even though the effects of these errors on land-cover application have been so far widely investigated, no sufficient attention has been given to their impacts on satellite sensor geometry. In this paper the effect of such errors on sensor model accuracy and the possibility of using orbital epipolarity constrains of Orun & Natarajan (ON) satellite sensor model to avoid such errors are investigated.Item Open Access An improvement of skin aging assessment by non-invasive laser speckle effect: A comparative texture analysis(2014-06) Orun, A.; Seker, H.; Goodyer, E. N.; Smith, Geoff; Uslan, V.Skin aging is a complex biological process that is yet to be successfully modelled as it depends on various internal and external factors. This work therefore investigates novel low-cost skin aging assessment technique and equipment by using robust analysis of textural features unified with a laser-speckle imaging method, which is found to be quite capable of detecting multi-layer cellular textural changes exhibited by the biological skin aging process. This study and low-cost product seem to be the first of its kind, which is expected to bring great benefit to both healthcare and cosmetic sectors.Item Open Access An Intelligent traffic network optimisation by use of Bayesian inference methods to combat air pollution(PTRC Education and Research Services Limited, 2017-06) Elizondo, David; Orun, A.Traffic flow related air pollution is one of the major problems in urban areas, and is often difficult to avoid it if the time sequenced dynamic pollution and traffic parameters are not identified and modelled efficiently. In our introduced work here, an artificial intelligence technique such as Bayesian networks are used for a robust traffic data analysis and modelling. The most common challenge in traditional data analysis is a lack of capability of unveiling the hidden links between the distant data attributes (e.g. pollution sources, dynamic traffic parameters, geographic location characteristics, etc.), whereas some subtle effects of these parameters or events may play an important role in pollution on a long term basis.Item Open Access Inter-substances “Natural Quantum Communication” investigation by atomic exchange observation with photonic wave-particle duality quantization(KOBIT5- Quantum Optics and Information conference, 22-23 April 2021, Bilkent University - Turkey, 2021-04-22) Orun, A.We have managed to observe the magnitudes of atomic exchange [3] activities between the chemical substances by quantization of interferometric (Mach-Zehnder) quantum eraser pattern’s motions caused by photonic wave-particle duality shifting [1]. Such characteristic shiftings substantially support our Natural Quantum Communication theory which indicates that the Interferometer’s photons attempt to access or gain complementary information provided by “naturally communicated” substances in the chemical reaction tube located along the lower arm of interferometer, which consequently exhibit characteristic wave-particle duality shifting [2]. The proposed theory may explain, how medications provide curing effect on "diseased organic tissues" via transmitting a complementary quantum information that is normally missing in the receiver domains, or natural quantum communication between vaccine and immune system. Furthermore, in the future some related advance technique would be expected to replace natural substance style supplements (e.g. human cells’ need of Oxygen) with only (Oxygen atom’s) quantum information provision instead.
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