Browsing by Author "Mitchell, Peter"

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    Adolescent Egocentrism and the Illusion of Transparency: Are Adolescents as Egocentric as we Might Think?
    (Springer, 2014-12-11) Rai, Roshan; Mitchell, Peter; Kadar, Tasleem; Mackenzie, Laura
    The illusion of transparency, or people’s tendency to believe their thoughts and feelings as more apparent to others than they actually are, was used to investigate adolescent egocentrism. Contrary to previous research demonstrating heightened adolescent egocentrism, adolescents exhibited similar levels of egocentrism to adults. In experiment 1, 13-14 year-olds and adult participants both truthfully described and lied about a series of pictures. Both adolescent and adult liars indicated that they were more confident that other participants would know when they were lying, than other participants actually indicated. In experiment 2, 13-14 year-olds, 15-16 year-olds and adult participants read to an audience. The illusion of transparency effect manifested itself differently according to gender: Female participants indicating that they looked more nervous than audiences thought, whilst male participants indicating that they were more entertaining than audiences thought. Results were interpreted using simulation theory, and suggested that adolescents might not be as egocentric as previously thought.
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    Five-year-old children's difficulty with false belief when the sought entity is a person.
    (Academic Press, 2004) Rai, Roshan; Mitchell, Peter
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    Five-year-old children’s ability to impute inferentially-based knowledge.
    (The Society for Research in Child Development, 2006) Rai, Roshan; Mitchell, Peter
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    The illusion-of-transparency and episodic memory: are people egocentric or do people think lies are easy to detect?
    (Psychological Studies, 2012-01) Rai, Roshan; Mitchell, Peter; Faelling, Joanne
    The illusion-of-transparency seems like an egocentric bias, in which people believe that their inner feelings, thoughts and perspectives are more apparent to others than they actually are. In Experiment 1, participants read out true and false episodic memories to an audience. Participants overestimated the number of people who would think that they were the liar, and they overestimated how many would correctly identify the liar. Experiment 2 found that with lessened task demands, and by using a scale of doubt, participants distinguished lies from truthful statements (albeit with a degree of error). Over the two experiments, results indicated that people have some ability to distinguish lies from truth (in illusion-of-transparency tasks), although people often overestimate this ability, and participants sometimes think their own lies are easier to detect than is really the case.