Browsing by Author "Martin, C. I."
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Item Open Access Identifying clinically relevant feeding problems and disorders(Sage, 2010-06-09) Aldridge, V. K.; Dovey, T. M.; Martin, C. I.; Meyer, CarolineThe current paper outlines what is currently understood, and what can be hypothesised about paediatric feeding dysfunctions. The paper highlights the current lack of awareness of psychological factors implicated in infant and child feeding, and promotes a behavioural approach to the identification, referral and treatment of non-organic derived feeding problems and disorders. Potential risk factors to poor feeding development are outlined, and characteristic child and caregiver behaviours which may signify problems with feeding are suggested. The aim of this paper is to promote early identification of these symptoms in frontline healthcare in the hope of increasing early intervention before physical complaints, medical complications and/or disorders arise.Item Metadata only Maternal stress and problem-solving skills in a sample of children with nonorganic feeding disorders.(Wiley, 2013) Martin, C. I.; Dovey, T. M.; Coulthard, Helen; Southall, A. M.Item Open Access Measures, measures everywhere, but which one should I use?(The Feeding News, 2011) Dovey, T. M.; Martin, C. I.; Aldridge, V. K.; Haycraft, E.; Meyer, CarolineItem Metadata only Measuring oral sensitivity in clinical practice: A quick and reliable behavioural method.(Springer Link, 2013-03-21) Dovey, T. M.; Aldridge, V. K.; Martin, C. I.This article aims to offer a behavioural assessment strategy for oral sensitivity that can be readily applied in the clinical setting. Four children, ranging in age and with a variety of developmental and medical problems, were used as test cases for a task analysis of tolerance to touch probes in and around the mouth. In all cases, the assessment was sensitive to weekly measures of an intervention for oral sensitivity over a 3-week period. Employing an inexpensive, direct, specific to the individual, replicable, reliable, and effective measure for a specific sensory problem would fit better with the edicts of evidence-based practice. The current method offered the initial evidence towards this goal.Item Open Access Observation and comparison of mealtime behaviours in a sample of children with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and a control sample of children with typical development(Wiley, 2018-06-28) Aldridge, V. K.; Dovey, T. M.; El-Hawi, N.; Martiniuc, A.; Martin, C. I.; Meyer, CarolineObjectives: Despite widespread use of behavioural observations to evaluate child feeding behaviours in research and clinical practice, few studies have comprehensively characterised mealtimes or identified features that differentiate children with and without disordered feeding; these were the aims of the current study. Methods: Mealtime observations were conducted for 18 children with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and 21 typically developing children. Observations were coded inductively, and associations between disorder and observed mealtime actions were examined. Results: Most behaviours were observed across both clinical and non-clinical mealtimes, and many did not differ in frequency between children with and without ARFID. However, significant group differences were observed in the frequencies of behaviours relating to food intake, visual and physical engagement with feeding, and movement during mealtimes. Conclusions: The comparability of behaviours across clinical and non-clinical groups suggests that eating behaviours exist on a continuum from ‘normal’ to ‘abnormal’, with group differences relating to frequency rather than type of behaviour. The behavioural differences observed in this study suggest that identification of children with ARFID should focus on child engagement with food and restlessness during mealtimes. Reliance on emotional and escape-maintained behaviours will lead to under-recognition of families in need of clinical support.Item Embargo The relative contributions of parent perceived child characteristics to variation in child feeding behaviour.(Wiley, 2016-01-10) Aldridge, V. K.; Dovey, T. M.; Martin, C. I.; Meyer, CarolineBackground: Few studies have examined the relative impact of co-occurring child characteristics on problematic feeding behaviour. The aim of the current study was to assess the relative contributions of parent perceived child characteristics in multi-variable models of child feeding behaviour. Methods: 161 mothers reported on their child’s feeding behaviour and a number of key child characteristics. These characteristics were entered into controlled multivariable models of child feeding behaviour, using child and parent frequency domains of the Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) as outcome measures. Results: Child feeding problems were positively associated with food neophobia and external behavioural and social issues, but not with most domains of temperamental difficulty or sensory sensitivity. Feeding problem frequency was associated with externalising symptoms, whilst parental perceptions of problems and coping were associated with social-interaction problems in the child. Conclusions: Population feeding problems appear to be external and interactive problems, rather than driven by innate or internalising factors. The association with externalising symptoms suggests that feeding problems at this level may fall within a wider profile of challenging behaviour. However, the existence of problematic feeding behaviours may only constitute a challenge for parents when the child’s social interactions are also seen to be deficient.Item Open Access Screening Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in children: Outcomes from utilitarian versus specialist psychometrics.(Elsevier, 2016-10-21) Dovey, T. M.; Aldridge, V. K.; Martin, C. I.; Wilken, M.; Meyer, CarolineThis study assessed the specificity and sensitivity of two commonly used psychometric methods to assess ARFID in children. To achieve this, a sample of 329 mothers and one father completed the Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS) and the Child Food Neophobia Scale (CFNS). A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that both measures were able to successfully differentiate a known clinical sample from those of typically developing population. Although the BPFAS was more accurate at differentiating ARFID from the general population, the CFNS was acceptable and on some metrics better than its longer counterpart. The ability of a food neophobia scale to differentiate clinical and population samples, and detect gradation of food avoidance within the population sample, suggests that the multitude of psychometric measures available may be measuring similar constructs. Therefore, confidence can be expected in cross-site comparisons despite each using different psychometric measures of food avoidance in children.Item Metadata only Screening for feeding disorders. Creating critical values using the behavioural pediatrics feeding assessment scale.(Elsevier, 2013-06-03) Dovey, T. M.; Jordan, C.; Aldridge, V. K.; Martin, C. I.The aim of the current study was to discriminate between clinical and non-clinical samples on the Behavioural Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS). The objective was to present a cut-off value, that was derived statistically, which could be used to screen for feeding disorders. A sample of five hundred and seventy-three families with a target child ranging in age from 20 to 85 months took part in the current study. Sixty-four children had a known diagnosis of a feeding disorder and were embedded into a typically developing sample of families that had not sought professional intervention. All families completed the BPFAS in order to provide a known database to measure discriminative statistics. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the cut off value for the BPFAS was a Child Frequency score of 61 and a Child Problem score of six. This offered an 87% accuracy rate at these values. The current study offered definitive evidence that the BPFAS was accurate (both sensitive and specific) to determine differences between clinical and non-clinical samples in the United Kingdom. It is therefore advocated that BPFAS should be adopted in future studies exploring the impact of feeding disorders and problems in both clinical and research settings.Item Metadata only Typology of Feeding Disorders Based on a Single Assessment System: Case Study Evidence(Sage, 2010) Dovey, T. M.; Isherwood, E.; Aldridge, V. K.; Martin, C. I.Six children diagnosed with different forms of food refusal participated as case study descriptions. Along with their treatment outcomes, these descriptions show enough significant differences between them to allow for accurate yet potentially disparate assessments. Outcomes of these assessments then led to the separate application of effective treatment strategies. The 6 children accounted for 6 types of food refusal related to medical problems, learning dependent (natural but extreme levels of food neophobia), selective (developmental delay), selective (autism-related), selective (sensory defensive-related), and fear based (food phobia). Each of these children attended a combined pediatric psychology and dietetic feeding consultation within a Child Development Centre situated in the English National Health Service. During the consultation process, it was possible to accurately delineate between these 6 different forms of food refusal using a single multidisciplinary assessment strategy (see the authors’ other article in this issue). Furthermore, all but 1 of the treatment strategies (selective autism-related) was successful at increasing dietary variety in terms of both volume and range, through specific and appropriate holistic interventions. It was also uncovered through the comparison of the different cases that 4 of the 6 food refusal subtypes exhibited varying degrees of sensory defensiveness that benefited from play therapy.Item Metadata only Typology of Feeding Disorders Based on a Single Assessment System: Formulation of a Clinical Decision-Making Model(Sage, 2010-01-22) Dovey, T. M.; Isherwood, E.; Aldridge, V. K.; Martin, C. I.The highly individual and complex nature of feeding disorders makes the initial diagnosis and subsequent choice of which management strategy (MS) to employ professionally challenging. This article describes a clinical decision-making model employed and successfully implemented in England. Based on previous case study descriptions and quantitative data, the model offered here also suggests that there may be potential for subtypes of feeding disorders beyond the generic attribution of “feeding disordered” or “not feeding disordered.” To exemplify the current model, a brief description and prevalence breakdown of the types of feeding problems encountered within the authors’ clinical setting was also outlined. Following from these potential subtypes, specific and focused MS were delineated to offer guidance to professionals faced with developing and implementing feeding-based interventions.