Browsing by Author "Lu, Su"
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Item Open Access Can you forgive? It depends on how happy you are(Wiley, 2014-12-23) Jiang, Feng; Yue, Xiaodong; Lu, Su; Yu, GuangtaoThis paper examined how individual group status and happiness influence forgiveness. In Study 1, happiness was treated as a trait difference: highly happy people, compared with very unhappy people, were found to be more willing to forgive murderers. More important, an interaction effect between happiness and group status on forgiveness was found, that is, highly happy people tended to be more forgiving when either ingroup or outgroup mem- bers were killed; unhappy people, however, tended to be less forgiving about murder when ingroup rather than outgroup members were killed. In Study 2, happiness was treated as an emotional state difference: happiness, rather than sadness, was found to bring greater forgiveness. Moreover, consistent with the interaction effect displayed in Study 1, happy participants tended to forgive more when ingroup or outgroup members were hurt; sad partici- pants tended to forgive less when ingroup members rather than outgroup members were hurt. Implications for connections between happiness, group membership, and forgiveness are discussed.Item Open Access Climate anxiety, pro-environmental action and wellbeing: antecedents and outcomes of negative emotional responses to climate change in 32 countries(Elsevier, 2022-10-06) Lu, SuThis study explored the correlates of climate anxiety in a diverse range of national contexts. We analysed cross-sectional data gathered in 32 countries (N = 12,246). Our results show that climate anxiety is positively related to rate of exposure to information about climate change impacts, the amount of attention people pay to climate change information, and perceived descriptive norms about emotional responding to climate change. Climate anxiety was also positively linked to pro-environmental behaviours and negatively linked to mental wellbeing. Notably, climate anxiety had a significant inverse association with mental wellbeing in 31 out of 32 countries. In contrast, it had a significant association with pro-environmental behaviour in 24 countries, and with environmental activism in 12 countries. Our findings highlight contextual boundaries to engagement in environmental action as an antidote to climate anxiety, and the broad international significance of considering negative climate-related emotions as a plausible threat to wellbeing.Item Open Access Comparison of the Inter-item Correlations of the Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10) between Western and non-Western contexts(Elsevier, 2022-06-07) Park, Joonha; van den Broek, Karlijn L.; Bhullar, Navjot; Ogunbode, Charles; Schermer, Julie Aitken; Doran, Rouven; Ardi, Rahkman; Hanss, Daniel; Maran, Daniela Acquadro; Albzour, Mai; Aquino, Sibele D.; Ayanian, Arin H.; Chegeni, Razieh; Chukwuorji, JohnBosco Chika; Enea, Violeta; Ghanbarian, Elahe; Ghorayeb, Jihane; Jiang, Feng; Kehinde, Ojewumi Aderemi; Lins, Samuel; Lomas, Michael J.; Lu, Su; Marot, Tiago; Mbungu, Winfred; Navarro-Carrillo, Ginés; Onyutha, Charles; Reyes, Marc Eric S.; Salmela-Aro, Katariina; Sollar, Tomas; Tahir, Hajra; Tan, Chee-Seng; Torres-Marín, Jorge; Tsubakita, Takashi; Volkodav, Tatiana; Wlodarczyk, Anna; Yadav, RadhaThe Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10; Rammstedt & John, 2007) is one of many short versions of personality in- ventories that measure the Big Five trait dimensions. Short versions of scales often present methodological challenges as a trade-off for their convenience. Based on samples from 28 countries (N = 10,560), the current study investigated inter-item correlations estimated using Omega coefficients within each of the five personality characteristics measured by the BFI-10. Results showed that inter-item correlations were significantly lower, in the sample data from non-Western countries compared with the Western countries, for three of the five per- sonality traits, specifically Conscientiousness, Extraversion, and Emotional Stability. Our findings indicate that the psychometric challenges exist across different cultures and traits. We offer recommendations when using short-item scales such as BFI-10 in survey research.Item Open Access Culture and the way of granting job autonomy: Goal or execution?(Wiley, 2023-04-07) Jiang, Feng; Lu, Su; Ji, Li-Jun; Wang, Hai-JiangResearchers have assumed that Westerners exercise higher job autonomy than Easterners. However, recent studies have reported mixed and even contradictory findings. The authors distinguish between two types of job autonomy, namely goal and execution autonomy, to examine the relevant cultural differences. The former denotes participation in setting work goals and making plans for meeting those goals, while the latter denotes the ability to complete tasks flexibly. Four studies with a total sample of 1192 participants working in financial or insurance companies were conducted. Study 1a generated items for a new measure of the two types of job autonomy and explored its factor structure. Studies 1b and 1c verified its construct validity and predictive capacity. Study 2 confirmed the structural and metric equivalence of the measure between samples from the United Kingdom and China. The results of Study 2 suggested that the Chinese workers were likely to have high execution autonomy but low goal autonomy, whereas the British workers tended to have high goal autonomy but low execution autonomy. The theoretical and practical implications of job autonomy in cross-cultural contexts are discussed.Item Open Access Does the Relation Between Humor Styles and Subjective Well-Being Vary Across Culture and Age? A Meta-Analysis(Frontiers, 2020-09-22) Jiang, Feng; Lu, Su; Jiang, Tonglin; Jia, HeqiAn earlier review (Schneider et al., 2018) examined the connection between humor styles and mental health. The present article supplements and extends Schneider et al.'s review by surveying a broader concept, subjective well-being (SWB), and investigating the moderating effects of culture and age. To this end, we collected data from 85 studies, with 27,562 participants of varying ages and cultures. Meta-analysis results indicate that affiliative and self-enhancing humor enhances SWB, whereas aggressive and self-defeating humor damages SWB. Culture and age do not moderate the relation between humor styles and SWB. We discuss implications for better understanding of the relationships among culture, age, humor, and SWB.Item Open Access The effect of subgroup homogeneity of efficacy on contribution in public good dilemmas(PLOS, 2018-07-31) Yam, Paton Pak Chun; Ng, Gary Ting Tat; Au, Wing Tung; Tao, Lin; Lu, Su; Leung, Hildie; Fung, Jane M. Y.This paper examines how to maximize contribution in public good dilemmas by arranging people into homogeneous or heterogeneous subgroups. Past studies on the effect of homo- geneity of efficacy have exclusively manipulated group composition in their experimental designs, which might have imposed a limit on ecological validity because group membership may not be easily changed in reality. In this study, we maintained the same group composi- tion but varied the subgroup composition. We developed a public good dilemmas paradigm in which participants were assigned to one of the four conditions (high- vs. low-efficacy; homogeneous vs. heterogeneous subgroup) to produce their endowments and then to decide how much to contribute. We found that individuals in homogeneous and heteroge- neous subgroups produced a similar amount and proportion of contribution, which was due to the two mediating effects that counteracted each other, namely (a) perceived efficacy rel- ative to subgroup and (b) expectation of contribution of other subgroup members. This paper demonstrates both the pros and cons of arranging people into homogeneous and het- erogeneous subgroups of efficacy.Item Open Access Feel Safe to Take More Risks? Insecure Attachment Increases Consumer Risk-Taking Behavior(Frontiers, 2019-04-24) Li, Yuan Yuan; Lu, Su; Lan, Junmei; Jiang, FengItem Open Access The Funnier, the Happier? The Interplay Between Interpersonal Humor Styles on Mental Health via Gratitude(Springer, 2023-04-20) Lu, Su; Jiang, Feng; Lan, Junmei; Wang, TingAccording to Martin’s taxonomy (2003), affiliative and aggressive humor are the two humor styles with an interpersonal focus. Many studies have demonstrated the mental health benefits of affiliative humor, whereas less consensus has been reached on aggressive humor. Focusing on the question “when and why aggressive humor would be related to mental health”, the current study proposed that the association of aggressive humor and mental health could be mediated by gratitude and moderated by affiliative humor. The proposals were tested in a large multi-university student sample (N = 4775, Mage = 20.37) in China, showing that trait gratitude mediated the negative relationship between aggressive humor and subjective happiness and the positive relationship between aggressive humor and depression. More importantly, this effect was less substantial for those who endorse a greater (vs. lesser) affiliative humor style. Implications of gratitude as a potential mechanism in explaining the mental health correlates of aggressive humor and the interplay of interpersonal humor styles are discussed.Item Open Access How Belief in a Just World Benefits Mental Health: The Effects of Optimism and Gratitude(Springer, 2015-01-25) Jiang, Feng; Yue, Xiaodong; Lu, Su; Yu, Guangtao; Zhu, FeiPast research suggests that individuals’ belief in a just world (BJW) is closely connected with their mental health. To clarify the underlying mechanism, the current study proposes that BJW encourages optimism and gratitude which then mediates the relation- ship between BJW and mental health as indicated by subjective well-being (SWB) and depression. A sample of 1,200 undergraduates yields results indicating that (a) BJW influences optimism, gratitude, SWB, and depression after controlling for gender, age, income, and personality; (b) optimism and gratitude mediate BJW effects by increasing SWB and decreasing depression. The issues of BJW’s adaptive functions are discussed.Item Open Access The Influence of Culture on Attitudes Towards Humorous Advertising(Frontiers, 2019-05-08) Wang, Yi; Lu, Su; Liu, Jia; Tan, Jiahui; Zhang, JuyuanItem Open Access Perceived Family Life Quality in Junior Secondary School Students in Hong Kong(Springer, 2013-07-13) Shek, Daniel T. L.; Leung, Hildie; Lu, SuThe present longitudinal study examined perceived family functioning and related socio-demographic correlates from the perspective of adolescents in Hong Kong. Results showed that adolescent perceptions of family functioning based on different indicators gradually deteriorated over time. Regarding the socio-demographic correlates, (a) boys had more favourable perceived family functioning than did girls; (b) adolescents from non-intact families had poorer perceived family functioning than those from intact families; and (c) economically disadvantaged adolescents had poorer perceived family functioning than non-economically disadvantaged adolescents. Results also revealed that adolescents’ perceived family functioning was positively related to positive youth devel- opment. Analyses further indicated that perceived family functioning and positive youth development were concurrently and longitudinally related.Item Open Access Red and risk preferences: The effects of culture and individual differences(Wiley, 2021-01-20) Jiang, Feng; Zhang, Rui; Lu, SuColor is shown to affect decision making and judgment. However, no prior research has examined both between- and within-culture variations in color associations. To this end, we test the red (vs. green) effects on risk preferences in the United States and China while assessing individual differences in color associations. Across three studies, we find cultural reactance effects, that is, in the domain of risk aversion, the color associated with gain (American: green/Chinese: red) leads participants to become more risk averse when they personally associate green (in America) and red (in China) with loss. In the domain of risk seeking, the color associated with loss (American: red/Chinese: green) leads participants to become more risk seeking when they personally associate green (in China) and red (in America) with gain. By providing a novel perspective that integrates between- and within-culture variations, our findings have implications for understanding the generalizability of the color effects across individuals and cultures.Item Open Access The Roles of Leader Empowering Behaviour and Employee Proactivity in Daily Job Crafting: A Compensatory Model(Taylor and Francis, 2020-09-10) Jiang, Feng; Lu, Su; Wang, Haijiang; Zhu, Xiji; Lin, WeipengThe study investigates how daily fluctuations in leader self-rated empowering behaviour are related to employees’ daily level job crafting behaviour. From an interactionist perspective, the authors propose and test two competing theoretical models investigating how supervisors’ daily empowering behaviour and subordinates’ proactive personality jointly affect subordinates’ daily work engagement and daily job crafting. One hundred and six leader-follower dyads working in several companies completed a questionnaire and a diary booklet over five consecutive workdays. The results of multi-level analyses revealed a cross-level-moderated mediation model, of which the indirect effect of empowering behaviour on job crafting via work engagement was stronger for less proactive employees than for higher proactive employees. The findings reveal a compensatory relation between leader empowering behaviour and employee proactive personality, suggesting that empowering behaviour would be more effective for increasing the work engagement of less proactive workers. Future directions and human resource management implications are discussed.Item Open Access Social media impacts the relation between interpersonal conflict and job performance(Wiley, 2019-10-18) Jiang, Feng; Lu, Su; Zhu, Xiji; Song, XinPrevious research has predominantly focused on the effects of cognitive and emotional reactions on the relation between interpersonal conflict and job performance. The effects of behavioral reactions, however, have been largely ignored. To fill this gap, this study aims to investigate how behavioral reactions indexed by Wechat use affects the above relation. Specifically, demand-control-support theory and demand-control-person theory form the basis for a stressor–strain model and a joint investigation of 1) Wechat use as mediating the link between interpersonal conflict with job performance and 2) relatedness need satisfaction and emotional social support as moderating the mediation. A moderated mediation model is tested with matched data collected thrice from 300 subordinates and their supervisors. Results highlight the importance of behavioral mechanisms and state-like individual differences when examining the relationships between interpersonal conflict and job performance.Item Open Access To Be or Not To Be Humorous? Cross Cultural Perspectives on Humor(Frontiers, 2016-10-04) Yue, Xiaodong; Jiang, Feng; Lu, Su; Hiranandani, NeelamHumor seems to manifest differently in Western and Eastern cultures, although little is known about how culture shapes humor perceptions. The authors suggest that Westerners regard humor as a common and positive disposition; the Chinese regard humor as a special disposition particular to humorists, with controversial aspects. In Study 1, Hong Kong participants primed with Western culture evaluate humor more positively than they do when primed with Chinese culture. In Study 2a, Canadians evaluate humor as being more important in comparison with Chinese participants. In Study 2b, Canadians expect ordinary people to possess humor, while Chinese expect specialized comedians to be humorous. The implications and limitations are discussed.Item Open Access True versus strategic fairness in a common resource dilemma: Evidence from the dual-process perspective(Wiley, 2018-12-03) Lu, Su; Au, Wing Tung; Zhu, Yi; Jiang, FengCommon resource dilemmas involve collectively coordinating individual choices to promote group efficiency. Equal division represents one of the most important coordination rules. Previous research suggests that individuals follow the equality rule for different reasons. Some individuals behave cooperatively out of their concern for other’s welfare, whereas some individuals cooperate strategically to enhance personal gains. Building on the dual-process perspective, the authors aim to differentiate strategic fairness from true fairness in solving a resource dilemma. In four experiments, the effect of cognitive processing manipulations on individual harvesting behavior in a one-shot resource dilemma was tested against participants with different social values. Results consistently showed that prosocials, who value joint outcome and equality, requested significantly less money than did proselfs, who value personal gain. More importantly, prosocials in the intuition and deliberation conditions request similar amounts, whereas proselfs in the intuition condition request more money than those in the deliberation condition. The results were further validated by a follow-up meta-analysis based on the four experiments. The implications of the dual-process perspective for social coordination research are discussed.Item Open Access Up or Down? How Culture and Color Affect Judgments(Wiley, 2013-08-21) Jiang, Feng; Lu, Su; Yao, Xiang; Yue, Xiadong; Au, Wing TungIn the Mainland China stock market, an upmarket is represented by the color red, whereas a downmarket is represented by the color green. Elsewhere, including the Chinese Hong Kong stock market, the color representations are the opposite. Three studies were conducted to examine the red-up–green-down effect for Mainland Chinese as well as the green-up–red-down effect for Hong Kong people. Study 1 showed that Mainland Chinese tended to predict greater economic growth (study 1a) and higher growth in consumption trends (study 1b) when the experimental materials were presented in red than in green, whereas Hong Kong participants exhibited the opposite tendencies. Study 2 found that Mainland Chinese implicitly associated red and green with up and down, respectively; Hong Kong people, however, implicitly associated green and red with up and down, respectively. Study 3 further indicated that Mainland Chinese were more likely to predict good outcomes when scenarios were presented in red, whereas Hong Kong participants were more likely to predict good outcomes when scenarios were presented in green. These findings suggest that culturally specific environment cues could influence human prediction and judgment. Implications for judgment generally are discussed.