Browsing by Author "Illingworth, Paul"

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    The benefits of interprofessional education 10 years on
    (MA Healthcare, 2017-07-26) Illingworth, Paul; Chelvanayagam, S.
    Interprofessional education (IPE) was first conceived in 1973 from an expert group in Geneva by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO member states were at the time charged with implementing medical education IPE pilot projects following this and from then to today there has a been a rapid proliferation in the number of publications on the subject. IPE has generated research into its use, conferences specific to IPE, organisations dedicated to it and policy championing it. The authors question whether there has been any major shift in the silos different professions might be working in. The authors published an article on the bene ts of IPE (Illingworth and Chelvanayagam, 2007). Ten years have now passed and many changes have been implemented and experienced in health and social care and therefore a review of the literature is required. Also, it is 7 years since the publication of WHO’s report outlining the role of IPE in the preparation of health professionals (WHO, 2010) and increasingly UK Government policy champions collaborative and integrated working. The conclusions from the 2007 article acknowledged the development of IPE, however it highlighted the need for empirical evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of IPE in service user and carer outcomes. This article will explore whether IPE has achieved the benefits discussed in the previous article and what developments have occurred since it was published.
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    But This Is Not New: Climate Change and Global Mental Health.
    (Springer, 2023-05-28) Illingworth, Paul
    This chapters aims is to demonstrate the significant impact climate change has on health and in particular mental health. The chapter argues climate change is not just an important challenge today, but that it is the single most important health challenge. Perhaps even more so than Covid-19. Climate change impact is universal, no matter age, environment one lives in (urban and rural), whether one lives in low-, middle-, or high-income countries, everyone is impacted in one way or another. There is no immunity, and no vaccination(s) to offer any protection from climate change. The chapter demonstrates that this is not new, but that the impact of climate change has worsened noticeably over the last 50 years. It also visits the sustainable development goals, specifically Goal 13, and contextualizes how climate change is impacting on mental health globally. The consequences of climate change, in relation to global mental health, are considered, as is the acknowledgment this is a major global challenge. In addition, the chapter also explores the approach championed by organizations such as the WHO, UN, and governments and the influence of the Western medical model on these organizations to address global mental health issues. The chapter additionally acknowledges that this is not new and questions whether what has been done, to date, has had any real and positive impact globally and whether what has and continues to be supported by the WHO/UN and governments will actually improve this going forward. Additionally, the need for further and relevant research into the impact of climate change on mental health and into what might be better, less costly and more effective means of supporting global and local communities, is considered. Finally, the chapter suggests how, by adapting and building resilience, communities can transform collaboratively and achieve sustainable mental health. The chapter offers the ARTS framework (albeit in an early stage of development) as an alternative approach to bring about positive change in and towards mental health globally.
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    Climate Change: Perspectives for Global Mental Health
    (Unique Conferences Canada, 2023-01) Illingworth, Paul
    Climate change is probably the most important global health challenge today. It’s greater than Covid- 19 and that has been a massive challenge. The impact of climate change is on everyone; young, old, rich, poor, urban and rural, high income through to lower income countries. No one is immune. The reason why it is, in my opinion, the most important global health challenge today – there is no vaccine for it and never will be. Climate change can be seen in many forms (deforestation, floods, fires, draught and rising temperatures). Increasingly human activity, especially in the last 50 years is acknowledged as the single cause. The impact of climate change is significant on humans, rural and urban communities, often in Low- and Middle-income countries (LMICs) who suffer draughts and failed crops, starvation and the growth in various diseases. However, a growing area of concern is the impact of climate change and natural disasters, including Covid-19 pandemic, on the mental health of Global populations. This paper offers a perspective on climate change and mental health and the growing burden on Low-Middle Income Countries in particular. A potential solution is also suggested.
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    COVID-19 the Trigger for SDG Solutions in a Revised WHO Mental Health Action Plan
    (Mental Health: Global Challenges, 2021-05) Illingworth, Paul
    Introduction. This paper explores COVID-19 impact on Global attempts to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3, specifically Target 3.4. Purpose. Suggest a new WHO Mental Health Action Plan needs to be refocused to help achieve universal mental health. Approach. The author discusses the context of COVID-19s impact on Governments inability to progress the UN Sustainable Development Goals, specifically Target 3.4, reviewing this against the WHO Mental Health Action Plan (MHAP) 2013-2020 (WHO 2013). Utilizing relevant publications, progress/lack of progress are discussed, suggestions made as to how, by refocusing the MHAP to one more culturally sensitive and localized, to progress towards universal mental health. Discussion. Contextualizing the lack of specific Sustainable Development Goals mental health target. The continual use by the WHO of promoting western medical approaches to achieve universal global mental health is explored, while using COVID-19 pandemic as a means of triggering change in how localized, culturally specific non-medical approaches could be championed. Limitation/Strengths. The paper does not involve an extensive literature search. However, subject matter is timely and relevant. It challenges traditional approaches of how Global Mental Health has been addressed by organizations led by the UN/WHO. It identifies positive ways of progressing global mental health, by utilizing localized and culturally sensitive approaches. Practical/Social value. The suggestions made are cost effective, given the financial challenges COVID-19 has brought, that is a practical and social value in its own right. Additionally, the practical local and culturally sensitive solutions can be used globally. They could be undertaken on their own or in conjunction with traditional western/medical models. The potential social value could be considerable, should it be the focus of the latest WHO Mental Health Action Plan. Conclusion. Any new WHO Mental Health Action Plan must ensure non-traditional interventions are central and increasingly used to achieve universal mental health for all
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    Culturally Sensitive, Localised, Universal Mental Health Care
    (Wiley, 2021) Illingworth, Paul
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    From One Global Pandemic to a Second - the emerging Mental Health Pandemic
    (International Center for Research & Development (ICRD), 2022) Illingworth, Paul
    This paper is based on a Keynote speech the author gave at the 6th Global Public Health Conference on 11th October 2021. The paper gives some background to Covid-19 to contextualise the situation for an international audience. This is followed by a brief personal reflection of the Covid-19 impact before discussing the emerging second pandemic, the emerging Mental Health Pandemic. Suggestions of how to ensure sustainable, low-cost, evidence based non-medical interventions, linked to a revised WHO Global Action Plan is proposed as one solution.
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    From One Global Pandemic to a Second, the Emerging Mental Health Pandemic
    (2021-10-11) Illingworth, Paul
    The Keynote presentation, briefly covers the start and some implications of Covid-19 since it first emerged. A brief description of how the lockdown impacted the author and goes on to discuss the emerging Global Mental Health pandemic. The WHO Mental Health Action Plan is discussed and argues the medical model wasn't working before the Covid-19 pandemic and that evidence is growing to show that non medical, local and culturally sensitive interventions, such as the Friendship Bench and Mental Health Resilience, is effective. Additionally it is far less costly then medical and pharmacological treatment and is therefore perhaps better suited for use for sustainable mental health care globally
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    Global citizenship: an exploration of the relevance to UK health and social care professions
    (MA Healthcare, 2020-02-27) Illingworth, Paul
    At a time when actual or potential global events are having, or are likely to have, significant impact on societies, it is timely to revisit ‘global citizenship’ and explore the relevance of the concept to health and social care. This paper explores its relevance to modern day health and social care professionals, why there needs to be a greater understanding of it and whether it can be incorporated into prequalifying education. The relevance of global citizenship in society as a whole, and to health and social care specifically, has never been more important. The potential risks of ignoring global citizenship and the knowledge and skills needed to provide care in a global context are numerous. The inclusion of the concept in health and social care education is limited. This paper explores some of the ideas that global citizenship incorporates, why health and social care professionals need a greater understanding of it and what knowledge and skills need to be incorporated into pre-qualifying education, together with how best that might be achieved.
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    Global Public Health: Sustainability Development Challenges for Mental Health
    (Wiley, 2025-02-28) Illingworth, Paul
    This paper is based on a Keynote address the author gave at the 9 th International Global Public Health Conference, in Manila, Philippines July 2024. The paper explores how mental health care has been, and continues to be viewed through dominant models. And suggests that by taking an intersectional view of mental health, it demonstrates that mental health has not been given the same degree of importance and has not had fair and equitable attention in policy, strategies and resources. The author offers solutions which emphasises a seismic shift is needed by the UN, WHO and Governments to move from a dominant western medical model.
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    Homicide Investigation Report into the death of a child.
    (Birmingham Cross City Clinical Commissioning Group, 2014-09) Reed, Alison; Illingworth, Paul; Byford, Nigel; Billings, Garry; Thompson, Elaine
    When serious incidents occur the National Health Service (NHS) has a responsibility to ensure that an appropriate investigation takes place. The purpose being to review the circumstances which may have led to the serious incident, identify root causes, and highlight areas where improvements can be made in order to minimise the risk of such events happening in the future (National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) 2010 & NHS Commissioning Board (NCB) 2013). In accordance with the National Serious Incident Framework (NPSA 2010 and NCB 2013) Birmingham & Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust commenced a serious incident investigation into the circumstances surrounding the care and treatment of P. The investigation panel worked to the agreed Terms of Reference, but also addressed the questions raised in Court by The Honourable Mrs Justice Thirlwall DBE. The investigating panel urge all organisations, but especially those organisations that have not reviewed their part in the life of P, to do so with reference to this investigation report. The report highlights a significant number of issues for consideration with some key themes emerging.
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    How do we engage global communities in the de-stigmatisation of mental illness?
    (MA Healthcare, 2021-02-10) Illingworth, Paul
    The World Health Organization (WHO) has acknowledged that high-income countries often address discrimination against people with mental health problems, but that low/middle income countries often have significant gaps in their approach to this subject—in how they measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent it. Localised actions have occurred. These include the Hong Kong government’s 2017 international conference on overcoming the stigma of mental illness, has seen several developments as a result, the 2018 London Global Ministerial Mental Health Summit, and the UK’s Medical Research Council has funded Professor Graham Thornicroft (an expert in mental health discrimination and stigma), to undertake a global study. These and other approaches are welcome and bring improvements; however, they often rely on traditional westernised, ‘global north’ views/approaches. Given rapid global demographic changes/dynamics and lack of evidence demonstrating progress towards positive mental health globally, it is time to consider alternative and transformative approaches that encompasses diverse cultures and societies and aligns to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically UN SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing). This article describes the need for the change and suggests how positive change can be achieved through transnational inclusive mental health de-stigmatising education.
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    Linking Sustainable Development Goals for Global Mental Health. Keynote Address
    (2024-10-26) Illingworth, Paul
    The paper explores the development of SDGs and how Mental Health has not always been central. Taking an adapted intersectional approach, dominant models are explored as to why mental health isn't still central. The paper also suggests how and why the UN, WHO & Governments should incorporate more localized, affordable and sustainable mental health
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    Patient Experience Matters - Cancer, Covid-19, Avec Everything: a personal reflection
    (2021-02-19) Illingworth, Paul
    The seminar presentation discusses the Governments development of a database to record research and treatments to help professionals to deliver care relating to Covid-19. The presentation discusses that the database omits the most important research, the patients experience/expertise. The presenter explores this by using their own experience of going through 2020 having being diagnosed with cancer and having to undergo treatment through the Covid-19 pandemic and the isolating impact this has. It also discusses that mental health was not central to the care package
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    The Patient, The Dis-Ease, The Future. Destigmatising Cancer
    (Springer, 2021) Illingworth, Paul
    This reflective paper emerged from a request for the author to speak at the European Association for Cancer Education 27 th Annual Scientific Meeting, held in Caen, Normandy in March 2014. The title of the session was; ‘A patient and his disease’. However, I chose to re-title and add a sub-title to make it; ‘A patient and his dis-ease: Something to think about and to challenge your views’. Diagnosed a second time with cancer in January 2020, the author revisited the presentation and offers an updated reflection on being diagnosed with cancer twice, the second time during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. The paper challenges some views often held and argues that we should all be de-stigmatising cancer.
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    The Interconnectedness of Mental Health and Sustainable Development: Illness or Prevention model
    (Unique Conferences Canada, 2024-01-16) Illingworth, Paul
    Wait until people are ill, then treat. Or prevent ill health before it happens. These are two ends of a spectrum, those working health care have argued about for years. This is a fundamental challenge for global health. The illness then treat approach has dominated, certainly Western health care. It is the approach most often championed by the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations (UN), associated organizations and Governments. But is it what we should be continuing to do? Is it the global universal health model, what it has been made out to be? This keynote explores, whether the illness model is sustainable (and affordable) for health care. We have all probably heard the phrase 'prevention is better than cure', the phrase attributed to the philosopher Erasmus in the 16th Century. It is often cited as a central principle of modern health care. If that is the case, why is western health care, disease/illness driven? Why have hospitals, their specialisms and spiraling costs been the focus and prevention the poor relation? Can global health care remain sustainable and affordable? Given the massively rising costs of medical care and medicines. Given the evidence that major events such as Covid-19, had a massive impact on the global economy. Given Climate Change is and will continue to significantly cause further disease, illness and ill health. Is it now time (or even too late) to make a change? A change that means we are less dependent on expensive treatments and an illness model. This paper looks at this through a mental health perspective.
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    The Interconnectedness of Mental Health and Sustainable Development: Illness or Prevention model
    (Unique Conferences Canada Publication. Toronto, Canada, 2023-10-19) Illingworth, Paul
    Wait until people are ill, then treat. Or prevent ill health before it happens. These are two ends of a spectrum, those working health care have argued about for years. This is a fundamental challenge for global health. The illness then treat approach has dominated, certainly Western health care. It is the approach most often championed by the World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations (UN), associated organisations and Governments. But is it what we should be continuing to do? Is it the global universal health model it has been made out to be? This paper explores whether the illness model is sustainable (and affordable) for health care. We have all probably heard the phrase 'prevention is better than cure', the phrase attributed to the philosopher Erasmus in the 16th Century. It is often cited as a central principle of modern health care. If that is the case, why is western health care, disease/illness driven? Why have hospitals, their specialisms and spiralling costs been the focus and prevention the poor relation? Can global health care remain sustainable and affordable? Given the massively rising costs of medical care and medicines. Given the evidence that major events such as Covid-19 had a massive impact on the global economy. Given Climate Change is and will continue to significantly cause further disease, illness and ill health. Is it now time (or even too late) to make a change? A change that means we are less dependent on expensive treatments and an illness model. This paper looks at this through a mental health perspective.
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    Transnational Inclusive Mental Health De-Stigmatising Education (TIMHDE): An exploration of the means to engage global communities in mental health de-stigmatisation
    (2019-10-17) Illingworth, Paul
    Some countries embrace, others exclude the mentally ill. The World Health Organisation (WHO) acknowledged high income countries often address this, but low/middle income countries often had a significant gap in how they measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent it. Localised actions have occurred. The Hong Kong Governments 2017 international conference ‘Mental Health Matters: Overcoming the Stigma”, which has seen several developments as a result, for example the establishment of MIND HK. Another action was the 2018 London Global Ministerial Mental Health Summit, uniting experts/high profile individuals to find solutions to reducing mental health (MH) stigma. Additionally, the UK Medical Research Council have funded Professor Thornicroft, (expert in MH discrimination and stigma), to undertake a global study. These and other approaches are welcome and bring improvements, however they often rely on traditional westernised views/approaches. However, given rapid global demographic changes/dynamics and lack of evidence demonstrating progress towards positive mental health globally, it is time to consider alternative and transformative approaches that encompasses diverse cultures and societies and aligns to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDG), specifically UN SDG 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing). This paper describes the need for the change and suggests how positive change can be achieved through Transnational Inclusive Mental Health De-Stigmatising Education.
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    Transnational Inclusive Mental Health De-Stigmatising Education (TIMHDE): An exploration of the means to engage global communities in mental health de-stigmatisation.
    (2019-11) Illingworth, Paul
    The World Health Organisation (WHO) acknowledged high income countries often address mental health discrimination, but low/middle income countries often had a significant gap in how they measure the problem, and in strategies, policies and programmes to prevent it. Localised actions have occurred. The Hong Kong Governments 2017 international conference ‘Mental Health Matters: Overcoming the Stigma”, which has seen several developments as a result, for example the establishment of MIND HK. Another action was the 2018 London Global Ministerial Mental Health Summit, uniting experts/high profile individuals to find solutions to reducing mental health (MH) stigma. Additionally, the UK Medical Research Council have funded Professor Thornicroft, (expert in MH discrimination and stigma), to undertake a global study. These and other approaches are welcome and bring improvements, however they often rely on traditional westernised, ‘Global North’ views/approaches. However, given rapid global demographic changes/dynamics and lack of evidence demonstrating progress towards positive mental health globally, it is time to consider alternative and transformative approaches that encompasses diverse cultures and societies and aligns to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDG), specifically UN SDG 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing). This paper describes the need for the change and suggests how positive change can be achieved through Transnational Inclusive Mental Health De-Stigmatising Education.
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    Will Including Health at COP28 Mean Transformation of Global Mental Health Action? And will Mental Health Professionals transform to help achieve it? i
    (Sciendo (De Gruyter) Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal., 2024-05-09) Illingworth, Paul
    Introduction: For the first time COP28 have included Public Health in their climate change discussions. Given progress on climate change has many hurdles, from domestic, economic and corporate pressures, it is pertinent to explore what impact this inclusion might have and what specific challenges there might be in relation to global mental health. Purpose: This positioning paper considers whether the implication of the inclusion of Health at COP28 might bring about transformation in the way Global Mental Health is addressed. It also considers how it might transform how mental health professionals, but also all others involved in working with people with mental health issues, transform mental health. The paper considers challenges to be faced going forward and potential solutions. The author acknowledges they are sharing their position on this subject, but in doing so, hopes to generate wider discussion. Methodology: As this is a positioning paper, data has been derived from the argument and counter argument within the paper. Therefore, there is a possibility of the risk of bias. Results: Plans to improve mental health globally have focused on replicating a Western, Global North model. Despite over 10 years of the WHO Mental Health Action Plan, there continues to be a growing mental health pandemic, worsened by Covid-19. Mental ill- health is caused by multiple factors, many are national, regional and even localized. The Western Global North model does not factor this in sufficiently to bring about improvement. Conclusion: This paper evaluated whether by including ‘Health’ at the recent COP28, it would help transform Global Mental Health. What became clear, after reviewing previous policies and action plans, was that significant change and improvement had not occurred. Policy makers and professionals approach needs to focus on preventing mental ill-health rather than treating after the event. Additionally, decolonisation of policies and professionals education is required to co-create sustainable resilience with people/communities and reduce mental ill-health.