Browsing by Author "Fallmann, Sarah"

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    Computational Sleep Behaviour Analysis and Application
    (De Montfort University, 2020-07) Fallmann, Sarah
    Sleep affects a person’s health and is, therefore, assessed if health problems arise. Sleep behaviour is monitored for abnormalities in order to determine if any treatments, such as medication or behavioural changes (modifications to sleep habits), are necessary. Assessments are typically done using two methods: polysomnography over short periods and four-week retrospective questionnaires. These standard methods, however, cannot measure current sleep status continuously and unsupervised over long periods of time in the same way home-based sleep behaviour assessment can. In this work, we investigate the ability of sleep behaviour assessment using IoT devices in a natural home environment, which potential has not been investigated fully, to enable early abnormality detection and facilitate self-management. We developed a framework that incorporates different facets and perspectives to introduce focus and support in sleep behaviour assessment. The framework considers users’ needs, various available technologies, and factors that influence sleep behaviours. Sleep analysis approaches are incorporated to increase the reliability of the system. This assessment is strengthened by utilising sleep stage detection and sleep position recognition. This includes, first, the extraction and integration of influence factors of sleep stage recognition methods to create a fine-grained personalised approach and, second, the detection of common but more complex sleep positions, including leg positions. The relations between medical conditions and sleep are assessed through interviews with doctors and users on various topics, including treatment satisfaction and technology acceptance. The findings from these interviews led to the investigation of sleep behaviour as a diagnostic indicator. Changes in sleep behaviour are assessed alongside medical knowledge using data mining techniques to extract information about disease development; the following diseases were of interest: sleep apnoea, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The proposed framework is designed in a way that allows it to be integrated into existing smart home environments. We believe that our framework provides promising building blocks for reliable sleep behaviour assessment by incorporating newly developed sleep analysis approaches. These approaches include a modular layered sleep behaviour assessment framework, a sleep regularity algorithm, a user-dependent visualisation concept, a higher-granularity sleep position analysis approach, a fine-grained sleep stage detection approach, a personalised sleep parameter extraction process, in-depth understanding on sleep and chronic disease relations, and a sleep-wake behaviour-based chronic disease detection method.
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    Fine-Grained Sleep-Wake Behaviour Analysis
    (IEEE, 2020-04-09) Fallmann, Sarah; Chen, Liming; Chen, Feng
    Sleep stages are traditionally assessed by experts from polysomnography measurements following specific guidelines. Sleep stage behaviour is subsequently used to detect anomalies and diagnose diseases in a laboratory setting. Recently, with the development of Internet of Things, there is a trend to use everyday technologies for sleep behaviour analysis at home, having the potential to eliminate expensive in-hospital monitoring. We propose a fine-grained sleep-wake behaviour analysis approach, which takes into consideration the influences of various factors, such as gender, health status and race. In addition, we investigate the combination of multiple data sources, in particular, actigraphy and heart rate variability, for enhancing model accuracy. Initial results show the proposed approach is recognising sleep and wake stages accurately and is providing a flexible recognition approach towards personalised sleep-based health monitoring.
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    Healthcare for Older People Research in Leicestershire
    (University of Nottingham, 2019-04) Conroy, Simon; Brown, Jayne; Bell, Katie; Haunton, Victoria; Robinson, T. G.; Bannerjee, J.; Martin, G.; Regen, E.; Phelps, K; O'Kelly, K.; Kondova, D.; Williamson, I. R.; Wildbur, D.; Fallmann, Sarah; Chen, L.; Oldridge, Louise; Larkin, M.; Wilson, A.; Agarwal, S.; Bankart, J.; Subramaniam, H.; Raghavan, Raghu; Panerai, R.; Clague-Baker, Nicola; Chung, E.; Stahl, Bernd Carsten, 1968-; Chen, F.; Triboan, Darpan; Psychoula, I.; Northcott, Andy
    Academic geriatric medicine in Leicester . There has never been a better time to consider joining us. We have recently appointed a Professor in Geriatric Medicine, alongside Tom Robinson in stroke and Victoria Haunton, who has just joined as a Senior Lecturer in Geriatric Medicine. We have fantastic opportunities to support students in their academic pursuits through a well-established intercalated BSc programme, and routes on through such as ACF posts, and a successful track-record in delivering higher degrees leading to ACL post. We collaborate strongly with Health Sciences, including academic primary care. See below for more detail on our existing academic set-up. Leicester Academy for the Study of Ageing We are also collaborating on a grander scale, through a joint academic venture focusing on ageing, the ‘Leicester Academy for the Study of Ageing’ (LASA), which involves the local health service providers (acute and community), De Montfort University; University of Leicester; Leicester City Council; Leicestershire County Council and Leicester Age UK. Professors Jayne Brown and Simon Conroy jointly Chair LASA and have recently been joined by two further Chairs, Professors Kay de Vries and Bertha Ochieng. Karen Harrison Dening has also recently been appointed an Honorary Chair. LASA aims to improve outcomes for older people and those that care for them that takes a person-centred, whole system perspective. Our research will take a global perspective, but will seek to maximise benefits for the people of Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland, including building capacity. We are undertaking applied, translational, interdisciplinary research, focused on older people, which will deliver research outcomes that address domains from: physical/medical; functional ability, cognitive/psychological; social or environmental factors. LASA also seeks to support commissioners and providers alike for advice on how to improve care for older people, whether by research, education or service delivery. Examples of recent research projects include: ‘Local History Café’ project specifically undertaking an evaluation on loneliness and social isolation; ‘Better Visits’ project focused on improving visiting for family members of people with dementia resident in care homes; and a study on health issues for older LGBT people in Leicester. Clinical Geriatric Medicine in Leicester We have developed a service which recognises the complexity of managing frail older people at the interface (acute care, emergency care and links with community services). There are presently 17 consultant geriatricians supported by existing multidisciplinary teams, including the largest complement of Advance Nurse Practitioners in the country. Together we deliver Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment to frail older people with urgent care needs in acute and community settings. The acute and emergency frailty units – Leicester Royal Infirmary This development aims at delivering Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment to frail older people in the acute setting. Patients are screened for frailty in the Emergency Department and then undergo a multidisciplinary assessment including a consultant geriatrician, before being triaged to the most appropriate setting. This might include admission to in-patient care in the acute or community setting, intermediate care (residential or home based), or occasionally other specialist care (e.g. cardiorespiratory). Our new emergency department is the county’s first frail friendly build and includes fantastic facilities aimed at promoting early recovering and reducing the risk of hospital associated harms. There is also a daily liaison service jointly run with the psychogeriatricians (FOPAL); we have been examining geriatric outreach to oncology and surgery as part of an NIHR funded study. We are home to the Acute Frailty Network, and those interested in service developments at the national scale would be welcome to get involved. Orthogeriatrics There are now dedicated hip fracture wards and joint care with anaesthetists, orthopaedic surgeons and geriatricians. There are also consultants in metabolic bone disease that run clinics. Community work Community work will consist of reviewing patients in clinic who have been triaged to return to the community setting following an acute assessment described above. Additionally, primary care colleagues refer to outpatients for sub-acute reviews. You will work closely with local GPs with support from consultants to deliver post-acute, subacute, intermediate and rehabilitation care services. Stroke Medicine 24/7 thrombolysis and TIA services. The latter is considered one of the best in the UK and along with the high standard of vascular surgery locally means one of the best performances regarding carotid intervention.
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    A Home-Based IoT-Enabled Framework for Sleep Behaviour Assessment
    (IEEE, 2019-11-04) Fallmann, Sarah; Chen, Liming; Chen, Feng
    Sleep has an impact on a person's life including their health and wellbeing, thus assessing sleep behaviour is of high importance to gain insight into people's general health status. In general, current sleep behaviour assessment is restricted to a controlled scenario within a hospital environment limited by the time of monitoring and to specific factors. As healthcare is shifting from reactive to preventive and predictive care with the support of digital health and IoT technology, there is a growing demand to make sleep assessment possible at home. In this paper, we propose a sleep behaviour assessment framework considering different facets of sleep such as sleep quality, regularity, circadian rhythm, environmental conditions and sleep hygiene. Hence, we describe methodologies and techniques which can help realise home-based sleep assessment. A salient feature of the framework is that it takes into account personal preferences and influential factors as well as doctor's recommendations and clinical history, thus, allowing personalised medical and behavioural assessment. In addition, the proposed framework supports a modular service-oriented design adaptable to both doctor and user needs and availability of underpinning technologies.