Renewable Energy-Based Mini-Grid for Rural Electrification: Case Study of an Indian Village

Although off-grid electrification has become a cost-effective and convenient option for many non-electrified areas, generally stand-alone individual options receive greater attention; and when mini-grid-based solutions are considered, traditionally a single technology-based limited level of supply is often considered, without paying attention to reliable round-the-clock supply of electricity. This chapter considers a hybrid combination of renewable energy technologies (RETs) as an alternative to grid extension for remote areas. Applying HOMER software, this study presents an analysis for choosing the best hybrid RET system for an Indian village and compares the result with conventional grid extension. It provides a systematic load demand analysis of the village, simulates optimal sizing of a hybrid system, calculates the economical distance limit (EDL) beyond which the use of the grid extension is not costeffective and shows that the use of decentralised RET systems at an off-grid location can be a relevant option. HOMER results show that the solution is sustainable and techno-economically viable and environmentally sound.