Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Media

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    Schottky barrier formation on r.f.-plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposited hydrogenated amorphous carbon
    (Elsevier, 1998-12-09) Paul, Shashi; Clough, F. J.
    This paper reports the fabrication and electrical characterization of sub-micron metal contacts to thin films of hydrogenated amorphous carbon deposited by the r.f.-plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique. The I–V characteristics of “large” area (diameter 0.5 mm) top metal contacts to amorphous carbon are consistent with bulk limited conduction by the Poole–Frenkel mechanism. The I–V characteristics of sub-micron metal contacts, formed at different locations on the same amorphous carbon film, range from symmetrical to highly asymmetrical with forward-to-reverse rectification ratios up to three orders of magnitude. Asymmetrical I–V characteristics and a linear C−2–V response confirm, for the first time, Schottky barrier formation at the metal/amorphous carbon interface. Spatial non-uniformity in the composition of the hydrogenated amorphous carbon surface is indicated, which mirrors bulk inhomogeneity.
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    Technological Advances in Mechanical Recycling Innovations and Corresponding Impacts on the Circular Economy of Plastics
    (MDPI, 2024-02-21) Babaremu, Kunle; Adediji, Adedapo; Olumba, Nmesoma; Okoya, Silifat Abimbola; Akinlabi, Esther; Oyinlola, M. A.
    The impact of plastic pollution on the world and its inhabitants is yet to be fully measured. Significant quantities of microplastics and nanoplastics have been found in human organs, and many diseases have been traced to their presence. Even human placentas have been found to contain microplastics. This study examines the recycling landscape, advanced reprocessing techniques, and technical challenges in this industry. It points out the top recyclable types of plastics (such as high-density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and thermoplastic elastomers) by analyzing their different recycling capacities globally. It highlights the most advisable recycling techniques by identifying those most successful, least environmentally damaging, and easiest. Mechanical recycling is arguably the easiest and most common recycling technique. This study examines mechanical reprocessing technologies for construction materials, composite boards, additive manufacturing, and other applications. It also points out prevailing setbacks of these approaches and analyzes different solutions. Promising recycling processes are suggested for further investigation.